2.有限域 术语:Z,称为有限(素)域.当p=2时,就是众所周知的著名的二元域 Z2=F2=GF(2)={0,1} 其加法表与乘法表如下 0 01 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 符号GF(2)中的G代表科学史上最著名的天才,法国人E.Galois(伽罗华, 1811.10.25-1832.5.31).F表示“有限域(finite field)”,该术语由伽罗 华1830年首次提出.离世前一天写的7页信笺包含了五次及五次以上代数方 程的根式解的彻底解答.著名德国数学家Hermann Weyl评论道: "This letter,if judged by the novelty and profundity of ideas it contains, is perhaps the most substantial piece of writing in the whole literature of mankind.” 伽罗华的临终遗言: Don't cry,Alfred!I need all my courage to die at twenty. 思考题:请比较GF(2)的运算表与下表,有何想法? + 偶 奇 偶 奇 偶 偶 奇 偶 偶 偶 奇 奇 偶 奇 偶 奇 119 November1885-8 December1955,德国数学家、物理学家,Hilbert的学生,爱因 斯坦和薛定谔的朋友与同事 152. ❦⑩➁ â❾➭Zp →➃❦⑩(❷)➁. ✟ p = 2➒➜Ò➫➥↕➧⑧✛❮➯✛✓✄➁ Z2 = F2 = GF(2) = {0, 1} Ù❭④▲❺➛④▲❳❡ + 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 × 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 ❰ÒGF(2)➙✛G➇▲❽➷↕þ⑩❮➯✛❯â➜④■❁ E.Galois (➩Û✉, 1811.10.25õ1832.5.31). F ▲➠✴❦⑩➁( finite field )✵➜❚â❾❞➩Û ✉1830❝➘❣❏Ñ. ❧➢❝➌❯✕✛7➄✫❧➑➵✡✃❣✾✃❣➧þ➇ê➄ ➜✛❾➟✮✛➈✳✮❽. ❮➯✙■ê➷❬Hermann Wey1➭Ø✗➭ ”This letter, if judged by the novelty and profundity of ideas it contains, is perhaps the most substantial piece of writing in the whole literature of mankind.” ➩Û✉✛✘➟➣ó➭ Don’t cry, Alfred! I need all my courage to die at twenty. ❣⑧❑➭➒✬✖ GF(2)✛✩➂▲❺❡▲➜❦Û➂④➸ + ó Û ó ó Û Û Û ó × ó Û ó ó ó Û ó Û 1 l9 November 1885 õ 8 December 1955, ✙■ê➷❬✦Ô♥➷❬➜Hilbert✛➷✮➜❖Ï ❞✧Ú➴➼➍✛✯❧❺Ó➥ 15