1/26/2016 Poliomyelitis U.S.annual incidence of poliomyelitis Inactivated vaccine Vaccine for all three serotypes -Salk vaccine:inactivated vaccine:injectable -Sabin vaccine:attenuated vaccine:oral: lifelong immunity Polio cases fell 99%from 1988 to 2000 Persistent reservoirs of polio remain in Pakistan,India,Afganistan,and Nigeria indigenous case 0 1060107019301990200 Year Source:CDC.gov Rabies Caused by the rabies virus Genus Lyssavirus:bullet shape -Single-stranded RNA:easily develops mutants Usually transmitted by the saliva of an animal bite -Can also cross mucous membranes In the United States,silver-haired bats are the most common cause1/26/2016 8 Poliomyelitis • Vaccine for all three serotypes – Salk vaccine: inactivated vaccine; injectable – Sabin vaccine: attenuated vaccine; oral; lifelong immunity • Polio cases fell 99% from 1988 to 2000 • P i t t i f li i i Persistent reservoirs of polio remain in Pakistan, India, Afganistan, and Nigeria U.S. annual incidence of poliomyelitis Inactivated vaccine Li lve ora vaccine Last indigenous case Source: CDC.gov Rabies • Caused by the rabies virus – Genus Lyssavirus; bullet shape – Single-stranded RNA; easily develops mutants • Usually transmitted by the saliva of an animal bite – Can also cross mucous membranes • In the United States, silver-haired bats are the most common cause