International Relations 27 The 1971 South Asian Crisis and The Policy of the Soviet Union by Zhang Wei The crisis of South Asia in 1971 was a regional crisis in the era of the Cold War which had vital international influence.The evolution of the crisis was closely related to the interaction among the United States,the Sovi et Union,China,India and Pakistan and political,diplomatic and military competition among them.There was a significant shift of the policy of the Soviet Union:initially,the Soviet Union held sympathetic attitude but avoided direct involvement in the independence movement of east Pakistan.Later it shifted to direct in tervention and alliance with India.The direct cause of the policy shift was the power struggle and strategic competition around the subcontinent among the United States,the Soviet Union,and China. 33 The Evolvem ent and Related Factors of the Pushtunistan Problem by Yu Weiging The Pushtunistan problem is a histori cal legacy of British colonial aggression in Asia.In 1947,following the partition of India,Pakistan became an independent country and conflict arose between Afghanistan and Paki stan because the two states had serious disagreement on the status and under whose jurisdiction of the Pushtuns who inhabited a region east of the Durand Line.After more than sixty years,the Pushtunistan problem went through several different phases.As soon as Hamid Karzai assumed the rein of government,this dispute arose again.America and Russia both had a hand in the evol vement of the Pushtunistan problem.And the domestic factor and political factor in Afghanistan and the national policy of Pakistan influenced and restricted the evo- lution of the Pushtunistan dispute. Relat ions between China and Other Countries 38 Study on the Taiw an"Application for UN"Issue by Shen Huiping Taiwan s application for UN is the core of Taiwan s participation in international activities which is the major challenge and difficult problem in the peaceful development of cross-Strait relationship.The fact that Taiwan is part of China decides that Taiwan s participation in international activities including participation in UN ac- tivity is limited.In other words,Taiwan should not violate the One China principle and international frame- work.However,Taiwan authorities al ways depart from the basic rule in reality which brings about the so- called Taiwan"Application for UN"issue.The issue has taken different forms in different periods but people can still find from its evolution some regular dlues such as the inviolability of the One-China principle,the importance of promoting mutual political trust and solving problems case by case. 45 Analysis of Pakistan's Active Prom otion of Better Relations betw een Pakist an and China in the Ear- y1960s by Han Xiaoqing During the early 1960s,Pakistan changed the lukewarm attitude toward China in the 1950s and actively pro moted better relations between Pakistan and China.The author deems that the reasons behind this are:First, discord long existed between Pakistan and the neighboring countries -India and Afghanistan became more intense in the early 1960s;Second,Pakistan could not get any support from either of the two superpowers in the world in the dispute with the neighboring countries and this was more evident in the 1960s;Third,in the early 1960s,the relationship between China and India and China and the Soviet Union was very tense,which enabled Pakistan to use the conflict to improve Pakistan-China relations. T heoretical Probes 51 Causes of War:Multiple Levels of Analysis by Huang Qixuan War is an important issue in international security.Many scholars have made great efforts in exploring causes of war.These researches constitute multiple levels of analysis,from individual level,organizational level, 4-2012 China Academic Joumal Electronie Publin House.All rights reserved.http://www.cnki.etInternational Relations 27 T he 1971 S o uth Asian C risis and The Policy o f th e So v iet U nio n by Zhang Wei The crisis of South Asia in 1971 was a regional crisis in the era of the Cold War whi ch had vital international influence. The evolution of the crisis was closely related to the interaction among the United States, the Sovi￾et Union, China, India and Pakistan and political, diplomatic and military competition among them. There was a signif icant shift of the policy of the Soviet Union: initially, the Soviet Union hel d sympathetic attitude but avoided direct involvement in the independence movement of east Pakistan. Later it shifted to direct in￾tervention and all iance with India. The direct cause of the pol icy shift was the power struggle and strategi c competition around the subcontinent among the United States, the Soviet Union, and China. 33 T he Ev o lv em ent and Related Facto rs o f t he Pushtun istan Pr o blem by Yu Weiqing The Pushtunistan problem is a histori cal legacy of British colonial aggression in Asia. In 1947, following the partition of India, Pakistan became an independent country and confl ict arose between Afghanistan and Paki￾stan because the two states had serious disagreement on the status and under whose jurisdiction of the Pushtuns who inhabited a region east of the Durand Line. After more than sixty years, the Pushtunistan problem went through several diff erent phases. As soon as Hamid Karzai assumed the rein of government, this dispute arose again. America and Russia both had a hand in the evol vement of the Pushtunistan probl em. And the domesti c factor and pol itical factor in Af ghanistan and the national policy of Pakistan influenced and restricted the evo￾lution of the Pushtunistan dispute. Relat ions between China and O ther Countries 38 Study o n th e T aiw an / Applica tio n fo r UN0 Issue by Sh en Huiping Taiwanps appli cation for UN is the core of Taiwanps participation in international activities which is the maj or challenge and dif ficult problem in the peacef ul devel opment of cross-Strait relationship. The fact that Taiwan is part of China decides that Taiwanps participation in international activities incl uding participation in UN ac￾tivity is limited. In other words, Taiwan should not violate the One China principl e and international frame￾work. However, Taiwan authoriti es always depart from the basic rule in reality which brings about the so￾cal led Taiwan / Application f or UN0 issue. The issue has taken diff erent f orms in diff erent periods but people can still find from its evol ution some regular clues such as the inviolability of the One-China principle, the importance of promoting mutual political trust and sol ving problems case by case. 45 Analy sis of Pakistanps Activ e Pr om o tio n o f Better Relatio ns betw een Pakist an and C hina in the Ear￾ly 1960s by Han X iaoqing During the early 1960s, Pakistan changed the lukewarm attitude toward China in the 1950s and actively pro￾moted better relations between Pakistan and China. The author deems that the reasons behind this are: First, discord long existed between Pakistan and the neighboring countries ) India and Afghanistan became more intense in the early 1960s; Second, Pakistan could not get any support from either of the two superpowers in the worl d in the dispute with the neighboring countries and this was more evident in the 1960s; Third, in the early 1960s, the relationship between China and India and China and the Soviet Union was very tense, which enabled Pakistan to use the confl ict to improve Pakistan-China relations. T heoret ical Probes 51 Ca uses of War: M ultiple Lev els o f Analy sis by Huang Qixuan War is an important issue in international security. Many scholars have made great efforts in expl oring causes of war. These researches constitute multiple levels of anal ysis, from indi vidual level, organizational level , # 80 #