Thus the Finite element, as well as expressing primary tense and modality, also realized either positive or negative polarity For a summary of finite verbal operators, see Table 4-4 on age 116 4.2.2.3 A further note on the Subject The Subject in English has got a distinct identity, which can be established if we adopt a trinocular perspectiv From below, it is the nominal element(nominal group or nominal ized phrase clause)that is picked up by the Finite(operator)to form the Mood tag From round about it is that which constitutes the unmarked Theme if the mood is declarative, and which switches place with the Finite if the mood is yes/no Interrogative From above, it is that carries the modal responsibility; that is, responsibility for the valid ity of what is being predicated(stated, questioned, commanded or offered)in the clause 4.3 Other elements of mood structure 4.3.1 Structure of the residue The Residue consists of functional elements of three kinds one predicator. one or two Complements, and an indef inite number of (up to, in principle, seven) Adjuncts For example Sister susie sewing shirts for sold iers Finite Predicator Complement Adjunct Mood Residue 4.3.1.1 Predicator The Predicator is present in all major clauses, except those where it is displaced ell It is realized by a verbal group minus the temporal or modal operator, which functions as finite in the mood element The Pred icator is thus non-finite: and there are non-finite clauses containing a Pred icator but no finite element The function of the predicator is fourfold It specifies time reference other than reference to the time of the speech event, that is, "secondary"tense: past, present or future relative to the primary tense It specifies various other aspects and phases such as seeming, trying, hoping (iii) It specifies the voice: active or passive (iv)It specifies the process(action, event, mental process, relation) that is predicated of the Subject 4.3.1. 2 Complement A Complement is an element within the Residue that has the potential of bein Subject but is not; in other words, it is an element that has the potential for being given the interpersonally elevated status of modal responsibil ity -something that can be the nub of the argument It is typically realized by a nominal group. For example (1) The duke gave my aunt that teapot It will be noted that the Complement in Sfg covers what are objects as well as5 Thus the Finite element, as well as expressing primary tense and modality, also realized either positive or negative polarity. For a summary of finite verbal operators, see Table 4-4 on age 116. 4.2.2.3 A further note on the Subject The Subject in English has got a distinct identity, which can be established if we adopt a trinocular perspective. From below, it is the nominal element (nominal group or nominalized phrase or clause) that is picked up by the Finite (operator) to form the Mood tag. From round about, it is that which constitutes the unmarked Theme if the mood is declarative, and which switches place with the Finite if the mood is yes/no interrogative. From above, it is that carries the modal responsibility; that is, responsibility for the validity of what is being predicated (stated, questioned, commanded or offered) in the clause. 4.3 Other elements of Mood structure 4.3.1 Structure of the Residue The Residue consists of functional elements of three kinds: one Predicator, one or two Complements, and an indefinite number of (up to, in principle, seven) Adjuncts. For example: 4.3.1.1 Predicator The Predicator is present in all major clauses, except those where it is displaced through ellipsis. It is realized by a verbal group minus the temporal or modal operator, which functions as Finite in the Mood element. The Predicator is thus non-finite; and there are non-finite clauses containing a Predicator but no Finite element. The function of the Predicator is fourfold. (i) It specifies time reference other than reference to the time of the speech event, that is, “secondary” tense: past, present or future relative to the primary tense. (ii) It specifies various other aspects and phases such as seeming, trying, hoping. (iii) It specifies the voice: active or passive. (iv) It specifies the process (action, event, mental process, relation) that is predicated of the Subject. 4.3.1.2 Complement A Complement is an element within the Residue that has the potential of being Subject but is not; in other words, it is an element that has the potential for being given the interpersonally elevated status of modal responsibility – something that can be the nub of the argument. It is typically realized by a nominal group. For example: (1) The duke gave my aunt that teapot. It will be noted that the Complement in SFG covers what are “objects” as well as Sister Susie ’s sewing shirts for soldiers Subject Finite Predicator Complement Adjunct Mood Residue