TEXT A DRIVE LINE Drive Shaft Universal Joint Final Drive Differential

TEXT A lutches and Manual Transmissions Clutches Manual Transmission (M/T)

TEXT A Overview of Emission Control Systems PCV System EGR System Evaporative Control System Air Injection

Direct Ignition Systems and Electronic Triggering Devices Direct Ignition System Electronic Triggering Devices

Basic operating principle of the hydraulic system Disc brakes Drum brakes ABS Components Operating principle Types of Anti-Lock Brakes

Conventional gasoline engines are designed to use an electronic fuel injection system, replacing the traditional mechanical carburetion system. Multi-point injection (MPI), where the fuel is injected through each intake port, is currently one of the most widely used systems [1]. Although MPI

Operation of the Motronic System Start Control ( Fuel, Ignition Timing, Air) Post-Start Warm-Up Closed-Loop Operation Part-Throttle Acceleration Full-Load Acceleration Knock Control

TEXT A The Basic Components of an Automobile Engine Chassis Body Electrical Equipment

ENGINE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS TEXT A Starting, Charging and Ignition Systems Charging System Starter System Ignition System

TEXT B Traction Control System (TRAC) and Electronic Stability Control (ESC)