上海交通大学：《微生物学 Microbiology》课程教学资源（双语课件）Lecture 15.2 Microbial Ecology（Nutrient Cycles, Biodegradation, and Bioremediation）

12.1 Early Microbial Life on Earth 12.1.1 Conditions on Early Earth: hot and Anoxic 12.1.2 Evidence for Life on early Earth: Stromatolites 叠层石 12.2 Origin of Cellular life 12.3 Primitive Life: Early Metabolism 12.4 Eukaryotes and Organelles: Endosymbiosis 内共生

上海交通大学：《微生物学 Microbiology》课程教学资源（双语课件）Lecture 16.3 Microbial Evolution and Systematics 微生物进化与系统分类（Microbial Systematics 微生物系统分类学）

I. Eukaryotic cell structure/ function and genetics 18.1 Eukaryotic cell 18.2 Respiratory Organelles: Mitochondrion & Hydrogenosome 18.3 Photosynthetic Organelle: Chloroplast叶绿体 18.4 Endosymbiosis: Relationships of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts to Bacteria内共生学说 18.5 Other Organelles and Eukaryotic Cell Structures 18.8 Phylogeny of the Eukarya 18.9 Protozoa 原生生物

I. Bacterial Cell Division 5.1 Cell Growth and Binary Fission 5.2 Fts proteins and the cell division plane 5.3 Peptidoglycan synthesis and cell division 肽聚糖合成与细胞分裂 5.4 Growth terminology and the concept of exponential growth 5.5 The mathematics of exponential growth 5.6 The Growth Cycle 生长周期

5.10 Effect of Temperature on Growth 5.11 Microbial growth at cold temperatures 5.12 Microbial growth at high temperatures 5.14 Osmotic Effects on Microbial Growth 渗透压影响 5.15 Oxygen and microbial growth Aerobes好氧菌 • Strict Aerobes专性好氧菌 • Microaerophiles微好氧菌 • Facultative aerobes兼性好氧菌 Anaerobes厌氧菌 • Aerotolerant anaerobes耐氧的厌氧菌 • Obligate (strict) anaerobes专性厌氧菌 5.16 Toxic forms of oxygen

III. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED IN VIVO 体内使用的抗微生物制剂 Selective toxicity选择毒性 Can be used internally可体内使用 Chemotherapeutic agents化学治疗剂 6.6 Synthetic Antimicrobial Drugs 人工合成的抗微生物药物 6.7 Antibiotics: Naturally occurring antimicrobial drugs 抗生素 IV. ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE AND DRUG DISCOVERY 抗药性与新药研制 6.8 Antimicrobial drug resistance

7.7 Overview of transcription 7.8 The Genetic Code 7.9. Transfer RNA 7.10 Translation: the process of protein synthesis 7.11 Folding and Secreting Proteins

III. DNA-Binding Proteins and Regulation of Transcription by Negative and Positive Control (Transcriptional level regulation) DNA结合蛋白与转录水平的调控 8.5 Negative control of transcription: Repression and Induction转录的负调控 8.6 Positive Control of Transcription ----Activator mediated regulation by protein-DNA binding IV. Global Regulation Mechanisms 8.7 Catabolite Repression ----Global control and the lac operon代谢分解物抑制 8.8 Other global control network 8.9 Quorum Sensing 群体感应

I. VIRUS AND VIRION 9.1 General Properties of Viruses 9.2 Nature of the virion 9.3 Quantification of Viruses 病毒的量化