Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both

DEFINITIONS AND INCIDENCE Acute renal failure (ARF) is a syndrome characterized by rapid decline in glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and retention of nitrogenous waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine

病因(Etiologe) Primery Glomerular Diseases (60%) Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis *Tubulointerstitial Diseases chronic pyelonephritis chronic interstitialnephritis Polycystic Kidney Disease SLE

(一)熟悉骨质疏松症的概念、分型及发病机制 (二)掌握骨质疏松症的诊断、防治及药物治疗 (三)了解骨质疏松症的流行病学与病因学

一、教学目的(掌握、熟悉、了解的具体内容) 掌握:红细胞和血红蛋白的正常参考值及减少的临床意义中性粒细胞增多和减少的临床 意义;网织红细胞计数变化的临床意义;血小板计数减少的临床意义;溶血性贫血确诊的 实验室标准。 熟悉:贫血的红细胞形态学分类;淋巴细胞与单核细胞变化的临床意义;中性粒细胞核左 移和右移地临床意义。 了解:红细胞形态变化的意义;红细胞MCV,MH,MCHC的临床意义;血沉的临床意 义;溶血原因检查的实验项目

1.掌握白血病概念、诊断与治疗原则 2、熟悉白血病分类、治疗药物 3、了解白血病病因、发病机理

A1题型:(451-574) 451. Cardiac contractility is influcenced by(记忆,难) A preload B afterload C heart rate D cardiac rhythm E all above is correct

(一)掌握出血性疾病的分类、出血特点、实验室检查及诊断。 (二)熟悉正常的止血和凝血机制。 (三)了解治疗原则

(一)掌握本病实验室检查特点、诊断要点及治疗原则。 (二)熟悉本病临床表现,急、慢性ITP的鉴别。 (三)了解本病的发病原理

DEFINITION An acute inflammatory process of the pan- creas usually associated with sever pain in the upper abdomen in most instances, blood levels of pancrea- tic enzymes are increased sever acute pancreatitis: organs failure and/or local complications(necrosis, absc- ess, psuedocyst)