第一节 项目成本及其管理 第二节 项目资源计划 第三节 项目成本估算 第四节 项目成本预算 第五节 项目成本控制 第六节 挣值分析方法 第一节 项目质量管理的概念 第二节 项目质量计划 第三节 项目质量保障 第四节 项目质量控制

第一节 成本法（The cost method） 第二节 收益法 第三节 市场比较法 第四节 资产评估方法的选择

Software is intangible Hard to understand development effort Software is easy to reproduce Cost is in its development —in other engineering products, manufacturing is the costly stage

北京师范大学：《环境经济学》课程教学资源（PPT课件）费用效益分析简介 Introduction to Cost-Benefit Analysis

must also consider heating andor cooling requirements as well as to deliver the desired head pressure to overcome hydraulic pressure drop. Operating costs must also consider equipment maintenance, cost of cleaning chemicals and labor costs

营销组合理论的发展 4C……顾客、成本、便利和沟通 顾客（Consumer）是指顾客的需求及其需求的变化。 成本（Cost）是消费者获得满足的成本，而不仅仅是厂商的生产成本，也就是说充分 考虑到顾客消费此项产品或服务所愿意花费的成本

Optimal Routing View routing as a “global” optimization problem Assumptions: – The cost of using a link is a function of the flow on that link

Cost Curves for a Natural Monopolist

Defining the production technology and technical efficiency The measurement and decomposition of cost efficiency Empirical methods Technical efficiency in southern U. S. pulpwood harvesting

Using architecture Models to Understand Policy Impacts ncreas cost B-TOS Policy increases Swarm of small sats.3 launch probability doing observation Utility for mu of success