从20世纪中叶开始，分子生物学研究得到高速发展，主要原因之一是研究方法，特别是基因操作和基因工程技术的进步。一、DNA操作技术 二、基因克隆的常用载体系统 三、基因的分离与鉴定

生命科学是21世纪的带头学科,在现代生命科学最前沿的研 究领域中,以研究人类基因组结构和功能为主的“蛋白质组计划 已经成为分子生物学的重要课题,并带动了整个生命科学的发展 随着科学不断发展,研究手段日新月异,我们从实践中体会到,在 蛋白质研究的日常工作中,一本关于蛋白质研究方法的工具书会 发挥很大的作用。1990年前后出版的《分子克隆实验指南)使核 酸操作技术实现了标准化,推动了“基因组计划”的发展和实现。 由于蛋白质结构和性质的复杂与多样性,难以归纳出般性的分 析操作规程

武汉大学生命科学学院：《分子生物学》（英文版）Intro 课程特点与目标 Mission & Goal

Part I: Chemistry and Genetics Part II: Maintenance of the Genome Part III: Expression of the Genome Part IV: Regulation Part V: Methods

1.DNA Structure 2.DNA Topology 3.RNA Structure

Part I: Chemistry and Genetics Part II: Maintenance of the Genome Part III: Expression of the Genome Part IV: Regulation Part V: Methods

TOPIC 1 Principles of Transcriptional Regulation [watch the animation] TOPIC 2 Regulation of Transcription Initiation: Examples from Bacteria (Lac operon, alternative s factors, NtrC,MerR, Gal rep, araBAD operon) TOPIC 3 Examples of Gene Regulation after Transcription Initiation (Trp operon) TOPIC 4 The Case of Phage λ: Layers of Regulation

◼ What are the main challenges of translation and how do organisms overcome them? ◼ What is the organization of nucleotide sequence information in mRNA? ◼ What is the structure of tRNAs, and how do aminoacyl tRNA synthetases recognize and attach the correct amino acids to each tRNA? ◼ How does the ribosome orchestrate the translation process?

1. RNA polymerase and transcription cycle 2. The transcription cycle in bacteria 3. Transcription in eukaryotes •Molecular Biology Course

◼ All DNA is recombinant DNA. ◼ Genetic exchange works constantly to blend and rearrange chromosomes, most obviously during meiosis, when homologous chromosomes pair prior to the first nuclear division. ◼ During this pairing, genetic exchange between the chromosomes occurs. This exchange, classically termed crossing over, is one of the results of homologous recombination