Chapter one Introduction: 1.1 Defining Microeconomics 1.2 Economic Theories and Models（经济理论与模型） 1.3 The Mathematics of Optimization（数学最优化） 1.4 Demand-Supply Model Chapter 2 Consumer Behavior and Demand Theory 2.1 Preference and Utility 2.2 Utility Maximization and Choice 2.3 Income and Substitution Effects 2.4 Market Demand and Elasticity

Government Debt Scale of govern. debt Is budget deficit correctly measured? Traditional view of govern. Debt Ricardian equivalence Other possible effects of govern. debt

The most common gene change involves a single base mismatch--a misspelling--placing the wrong base in the DNA. At other times, a single base may be dropped or added. And sometimes large pieces of DNA are mistakenly repeated or deleted

Chapter Organization Introduction A Model of a Two-Factor Economy Effects of International Trade Between Two-Factor Economies Empirical Evidence on the Heckscher-- Model Summary Appendix: Factor Prices, Goods Prices, and Input Choices

Air quality and particles Epidemiological(流行病学) evidence associates atmospheric particles with diseases and mortality Particles penetrate the lungs, blocking and irritating aIr passages. Particles themselves could exert toxic effects. ( toxic substances present in the particles [polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons are examples of toxic substances in aerosols.]

Unit 2 Sectiona Iron and the Effects of exercise arm-up Qu 1. Why do women often not have enough iron in their bodies? 2. If iron levels are low, what problems can women experience? 3. What can you eat to get enough iron in your daily meals?

Effects of a Price Change What happens when a commodity's price decreases? Substitution effect(替代效应):the commodity is relatively cheaper, so consumers substitute it for now relatively more expensive other commodities

(1)i(p, u) is zero homogeneous in p (2) substitution matrix: Dpi(p, u)<0 (3)symmetric cross-price effects: 23i(p 2=2z(p, u) (4) decreasing:=n≤0

Text A: fantasy, suspicion, injection, deputy, considerate, restore, estate, fantastic, multiple, furnish, deceive, commission, substantial, arrest, motive, justify exceeding, swear, disguise, switch e Text B: romantics, mysterious, e it, sigh, simplify, standpoint, heave, shiver, 2. Key phrases and expressions Text A: raise a glass to, turn out, buy up, live out, add on, fix up, sell sth at a loss Text B: read about, for one thing, in the night, make an appointment, switch on, raise the devil answer the door. stare after 3. Key structures

111.1 Introduction 111.2 Industrial Ecology 111.3 Design for Environment 111.4 Environmental Implications for the