ELECTRONIC NOSE SYSTEMS Odorant molecules Chemical Information CIM Coated Sensor Raw electrical signal Sensor processor Processed electrical signal Signal processor Denoised Electrical signal

Hazard o Boolean algebra does not account for propagation delays through signal paths of actually circuits. o The delay can cause glitches to occur. A glitch is an unwanted signal, usually short pulse caused by the transient behavior of signal path that have different delays A hazard exists any time the potential for glitches is present

2.1 Discrete-Time Signals: Time-Domain Representation Signals represented as sequences of numbers, called samples Sample value of a typical signal or sequence denoted as x[n] with n being an integer in the range-oo≤n≤∞ x[n] defined only for integer values of n and undefined for noninteger values of n Discrete-time signal represented by {x[n]}

Introduction Basic signal properties(dc, rms, dBm. and power) Fourier transform and spectra Linear systems and linear distortion Bandlimited signal and sampling Discrete Fourier transform · Bandwidth of signal

Propagation Basics: - Signal, tagged with time from satellite clock, transmitted. - About66msec(20,000km) later the signal arrives at GPS receiver. Satellite has moved about 66 m during the time it takes signal to propagate to receiver

Chapter 8 Communication Systems Modulation : The general process of embedding an information -bearing signal into a second signal. Demodulation : Extracting the information-bearing signal. Modulation : Amplitude Modulation (AM) Frequency Modulation (FM) Phase Modulation (PM) Modulating

Introduction Basic signal properties(dc, rms, dBm, and power) Fourier transform and spectra Linear systems and linear distortion Bandlimited signal and sampling Discrete Fourier transform Bandwidth of signal

(e)The signal aIn is lipped. The flipped sigma will be tero for n 2 Chapter 1 Answers d)The signal rn] is Ripped and the lipped signal is shifted by 2 to the right. This new 11. Converting from polar to Cartesian co gnal will be zero for n<

Fouriers derivation of the ct fourier transform x(t)-an aperiodic signal view it as the limit of a periodic signal as t→∞ For a periodic signal the harmonic components are spaced Oo=2π/ T apart. AsT→∞,Obo→>0, and harmonic components are space

Noise is additional\unwanted \signal that interferes with the transmitted signal Generated by electronic devices The noise is a random process Each\sample \ of n(tis a random variable Typically, the noise process is modeled as\Additive White Gaussian noise”(AWGN) White: Flat frequency spectrur Gaussian noise distribution