Normal bovine milk contains about 3. 5% protein. The conce changes significantly during lactation, especially during the first ft post-partum(Figure 4. 1); the greatest change occurs in the whey fraction(Figure 4.2). The natural function of milk proteins is to supply

5 points/problem(20 points total) 1. Two hydrogels are prepared from two different candidate polymers for controlled release of a protein drug, interleukin-2(IL-2). The gels exhibit the same swelling ratio at equilibrium, but jel a (formed by cross-linked polymer A, repeat unit molecular weight Mo= 100 g/mole)has a molecular weight between cross-links of 3,000 g/mole, while gel B (formed from cross linked polymer B, Mo=95 g/mole) has a molecular weight between crosslinks of

molecular switches Proteins as motors in nanodevices Today. nano-and micro-particle drug carriers Reading D A Hammer and D.E. Discher, ' Synthetic cells- Self-assembling polymer membranes and bioadhesive colloids, Annu. Rev. Mater Res, 31, 387-404 (2001) Nano- and Micro-scale Drug Carriers and Detection Reagents Nano- to Micro-particle polymer-protein

Dr Jean W Flour Major Components of Flour Moisture 12.13% Protein 8-15% Starch 74-76%

Similar to Viruses Atypical Agents Small Filterable Need host cells No machinery for energy generation of protein synthesis

Ab initio =from the beginning in strictest sense uses first principles, not information about other protein structures In practice, all methods rely on empirical observations

Algorithms for detecting structure similarity Dynamic Programming works on 1D strings- reduce problem to this cant accommodate topological changes example: Secondary Structure Alignment Program(SSAP) 3D Comparison/Clustering

Review -Homology Modeling Identify a protein with similar sequence for which a structure has been solved (the template) Align the target sequence with the template Use the alignment to build an approximate structure for the target

Outline Brief review of protein structure chou -Fasman- predictions Garnier, Osguthorpe and Robson Helical wheels and hydrophobic moments Neural networks Nearest neighbor methods Consensus prediction approaches

As the first food of infant mammals, milk provides an important source of fat, protein, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals, essential to the development of tissue and bone, and the growth of young. Milk is also a substance used beneficially by humans of all ages, both as a food in its own right and as a material for the production of milk products and milk-based food ingredients