Associative Meaning: In the United Nations, the non-English- speaking countries often refer to the Security council as“the highest organ”, but“the highest organoften has the sexual associations in the mind of the native speakers: man's genital organ. Some Vips sometimes call 'the Security Council“ this awesome organ',(含有 “不文之物”之意),or“August Body

a. Extension of meaning b. Restriction of meaning c. Degeneration of meaning d. Elevation of meaning

语言与社会政治生活密切相关。 在语言使用中,把握正确的政 治方向有助于社会大 的稳定,民族的团 结;有助于国与国 之间友好关系的保 持与发展

1. Characteristics of idioms (1)Semantic unity Each idiom is a semantic unity. The semantic unity can be reflected by the fact tha he meaning of an idiom is very often not the total sum of the meanings of the constituent words. The semantic unity can aslo be shown in the illogical relations between the literal meanings of the consitituent words and the meaning of the idiom

1.Types of dictionaries Monolingual dictionaries vs.bilingual dictionaries Monolingual dictionaries are written in one language, while bilingual dictionaries are written in two languages

Compounding is a process of word formation by which two independent words are put together to make one word. The word formed in this way is c a lled co mpo und

Conversion Conversion is main type of word- formation assigning the base to a different word class with no change of form. For example, the verb release is converted to the noun release

Conceptual Meaning Conceptual Meaning sometimes called denotative\ or cognitive\ meaning) is widely assumed to be the central factor in linguistic communication

Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires on account of the meanings of words which tend to occur in its environment

介绍排球运动竞赛规则、组织竞赛及裁判法。 课的任务:通过讲解排球竞赛规则及其规则的演变排球裁判法及手势,提高学生的欣赏水 平。 介绍体育英语单词: abnormal substitution非正常换人、 ace spiker最佳的扣球手、 action of blocking拦网动作、 action of giving缓冲动作