• Diarrheal illness is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. • It is most commonly encountered in develeoping countries. • Can be life-threatening in infants, young children, and elderly people. Most individuals with this illness can be managed as outpatients

 Gram-negative, obligate intracellular coccobacilli bacteria that infect mammaols and arthropods  Rickettsiae are transmitted in the arthropods,which serves as both vector and reservior  Both DNA and RNA  Is sensitive to antibiotic  Culture：in animate media

⚫ Normal body temperature: 37oC (set point) Circadian variation oral T 0. 4oC > axillary T ⚫ Definition of fever: An elevation of core body temperature above the normal range

• Diarrheal illness is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. • It is most commonly encountered in develeoping countries. • Can be life-threatening in infants, young children, and elderly people. Most individuals with this illness can be managed as outpatients

了解病原特点、致病机制、病原学诊断；熟悉传染源和传播途径、好发年龄变化、其他类型麻疹的临床特点；掌握典型麻疹的临床特点、临床诊断和鉴别诊断、预防和治疗、并发症的处理

复旦大学：《传染病学 Infectious diseases》课程教学资源（讲义）菌痢与霍乱（细菌性痢疾）

由疟原虫所致、主要经按蚊叮咬而传播 、主要经按蚊叮咬而传播 在肝细胞内寄生、繁殖，成熟后侵入红 ，成熟后侵入红细胞，使红细胞成批破裂而致病 ，使红细胞成批破裂而致病 临床特征为间歇性寒战、高热、大汗常伴有肝、脾肿大及贫血 间日疟和卵形疟常有复发 恶性疟发热不规则，常侵犯内脏，可出现脑型疟等凶险发作

复旦大学：《传染病学 Infectious diseases》课程教学资源（讲义）发热待查的诊断思路和合理治疗

病毒性肝炎是严重危害人类健康的传染病。病原主要包括甲型、乙型、丙型和戊型。目前，病毒性肝炎广泛流行，妊娠期间尤易感染

血吸虫病（schistosomiasis)是由血吸虫寄生在人体静脉系统所引起的寄生虫病。 主要病变是由虫卵引起肝与肠的肉芽肿。 急性期有发热、肝肿大和压痛、腹痛、腹泻、血便，血中嗜酸性粒细胞显著增多。 慢性期以肝脾肿大为主， 晚期以肝脏门静脉周围纤维化为主，可发展为门静脉高压症(食道、胃底静脉曲张、巨脾与腹水)