Early Ideas about Muscular Contraction Hippocrates thought that the tendons caused the body to move (he confused tendons with nerves, and in fact used the same word, neuron, for both)

Principal Aim To assess the strength changes, and associated change in fracture risk, due to structural alterations in the proximal femora of astronauts experiencing long￾term weightlessness

The Fundamental problem The Fundamental problem Bones get less dense as we age Bones get less dense as we age Old people with low density bones Old people with low density bones fracture easily fracture easily Space -flight rapidly causes bones to flight rapidly causes bones to get less dense get less dense

Thematic Analysis: Outside Communications Receive Replacement Personnel or Visitors Receive Information F rom Outside Receive Mail or Fax From Friends or Family I Write, Fax, or Telephone t o Friends or Family

Physiological System Neurovestibular System Fluids and Electrolytes Cardiovascular System Clinical

Prof. Dava Newman 16.423J/HST515J Space Biomedical Engineering and Life Support Mars Reference Mission

遗传学是一门突飞猛进的、紧密联系实践的自然学科。它是指导育种工 作的理论基础。遗传学作为一种生产力在解决人类面临的难题中发挥着巨大 作用。特别是近年来生物工程技术的兴起，开辟了遗传学走向产业化的道路。 遗传学所涉及的领域和内容非常广阔。该课程属于普通遗传学，通过本课程 对遗传学的三大基本定律、遗传的细胞学基础、基因精细结构分析、遗传物 质变异、微生物遗传、核外遗传、群体与数量性状遗传的学习，为遗传学更 高领域的学习和研究打好良好基础

肉桂 Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae 《神农本草经》列为上品,称之牡桂、菌桂。《唐本草》称之筒桂

一、始载《神农本草经》,列为中品。又称丹皮、原丹皮、刮丹皮、粉丹皮。 二、栽培3-5年的植株,常在10-11月挖出根部,除去须根及泥土,剥取根皮,晒干,称“原丹皮”,若用竹刀刮去粗皮,除去木心,晒干,称“刮丹皮”、“粉丹皮

关木通、川木通、木通 一、木通为降火利水,宣通湿滞的常用中药。2005年版药典新增品种。 二、《神农本草经》列为上品,称之为“通草