Restriction of Meaning Restriction of meaning means that a word of wide meaning acquires a narrower, specialised sense which is applicable to only one of the objects it had previously denoted

（1) A word once reserved for female persons in high places is generalised to refer to people of all levels in a society:

The term lexicology contains two Greek morphemes: lexikon and logie. The former means \word, the latter means“learningor“the study of

一、古今词义异同的三种情况 (一)古今词义基本相同 这类词的意义直到今天仍旧是几千年前的意义,几乎没有发生变化。如:人、日、曰、山、水、风、手等。这类词多属于基本词汇。 (二)古今词义完全不同

第1节语音的发展 第2节语法的发展 第3节词汇和词义的发展

一.名词解释:(每个2分,共8分) 1.现代汉民族共同语 2.词汇 3.句类、句型 4.紧缩句

一、名词解释(3×4) 普通话 词汇 紧缩句 拈连 二、注音(0.5×8+1×6) 1.用汉语拼音字母给下列汉字注音:

1. Terms of computer hardware 2. Organization of computers and their functions 3. 掌握专业词汇的构成规律，特别是常用词缀及复合词的构成

1掌握反映体液及酸碱平衡状况的各项指标的含义,正常值 2掌握几种脱水与钾钠紊乱及四种单纯型ABD和混合型ABD概念及英文词汇 3掌握几种脱水与钾钠紊乱及四种单纯型ABD的原因和机制,机体的代偿调节,血气检测特点,对机体的影响 4掌握ABD类型的判断方法(一划五看)与血气分析的基本原理 5了解四种单纯型ABD的防治原则,了解混合型ABD的类型及血气检测特点

10. Changes in Meaning 11. American English