The English people are of mixed blood. At the beginning of the fifth century Britain was invaded by three tribes from the Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes

1. Morphology In American English, a number of irregular verbs have become regularised, while remaining irregular in British English: a)In many instances, it is only the voicing of the past tense morpheme -(e)d which has been changed to regularise the verb:

THE MOTIVES FOR EUPHEMIZING The motives for generating euphemisms are as diverse and as universal as the range of human emotions

Restriction of Meaning Restriction of meaning means that a word of wide meaning acquires a narrower, specialised sense which is applicable to only one of the objects it had previously denoted

（1) A word once reserved for female persons in high places is generalised to refer to people of all levels in a society:

The term lexicology contains two Greek morphemes: lexikon and logie. The former means \word, the latter means“learningor“the study of

一、古今词义异同的三种情况 (一)古今词义基本相同 这类词的意义直到今天仍旧是几千年前的意义,几乎没有发生变化。如:人、日、曰、山、水、风、手等。这类词多属于基本词汇。 (二)古今词义完全不同

第1节语音的发展 第2节语法的发展 第3节词汇和词义的发展

一.名词解释:(每个2分,共8分) 1.现代汉民族共同语 2.词汇 3.句类、句型 4.紧缩句

一、名词解释(3×4) 普通话 词汇 紧缩句 拈连 二、注音(0.5×8+1×6) 1.用汉语拼音字母给下列汉字注音: