Epidemiology 6th leading cause of death in U.S. Number one Among the infectious diseases 6 million patients annually in US Incidence 5~10/1,000/year Mortality in OPD patients 1-5 % but Inpatients 25%, ICU 50-60%

Classification of diabetes(ADA -1997) Type 1 .(beta-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency) Autoimmune Idiopathic Type2 (may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to a predominantly secretory defect with or without insulin resistance)

Respiratory failure Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) dyspnea Hypoxemia hypercapnia Respiratory Support Mechanical ventilation

定义 各种原因引起的肠道炎症性疾病 (广义).通常所说的炎症性肠病是溃疡 性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis UC) 和克罗恩病(Crohn's diaease CD)

Cirrhosis---definition chronic, progressed, diffuse hepatocellular injury fibrosis nodular regeneration Incidence: 17/100000/y Age: 20-50 yr

Hypothalamic-pituitary- thyroid axis Hypothalamus TRH Stimulation Inhibition Free Hormone-> ←Bound Hormone

一、Types of lupus Discoid Systemic Drug -induced-

General Considerations Disorders of hemostasis defects in platelet number or function problems in fibrin clot (coagulation) Bleeding due to platelet disorders is typically mucosal or dermatologic include epistaxis, gum bleeding, menorrhagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, purpura, and petechiae

(一)掌握出血性疾病的分类、出血特点、实验室检查及诊断 (二)熟悉正常的止血和凝血机制。 (三)了解治疗原则

General Considerations Disorders of hemostasis defects in platelet number or function problems in fibrin clot(coagulation) Bleeding due to platelet disorders is typically mucosal or dermatologic include epistaxis, gum bleeding menorrhagia, gastrointestinal bleeding purpura, and petechiae