语言仅仅是一种编码的想法似乎很容易被人们接受，很多人在学生时代至少学过一种外语， 因此，我们知道在英语中“c a t”（猫）也可以被叫作g a t o、c h a t、K a t z e、K O I I I K或k a p a。 然而，数字不那么容易随文化的不同而改变。不论那种语言，也不管怎样读那些数字， 地球上我们能够遇到的几乎所有的人都用同样的方式来写数字：
In many situations in demography and the ocial sciences however we have a dependent variable, Y, that is dichotomous Lecture 10 er or not a voman has had a second birth whether the econd birth is a male or a female baby Logistic Regression contraceptive method, whether or not a person has migrated in the last 5 years, whether
7.1 concept learning 7.1.1 concept A concept is a category under which specific elements may be grouped.e.g. a red ball, a red pencil, and a red chair are all instances of the simple concept “red”. An “even number” is defined as any integer（整数） that is divisible by two without a remainder, and that an “odd number” is one that is not evenly(均匀地） divisible by two
Interpretation over a singleton Let I be , and σ ∈ ΣI. 1. I(A)(σ) = I(∀xA)(σ). 2. I(t)(σ) = a. 3. I(Sx1,···,xn t1,···,tn A)(σ) = I(A)(σ). 4. I0(P), σ(P) ∈ {I(n), Ψ(n)} for every n-ary predicate constant (variable), where
How Might a mouse search a Maze for Cheese? heese · State Space Search? As a Constraint Satisfaction Problem? Goal-directed Planning As a rule or production System? What is missing? Ideas in this lecture Objective is to accumulate rewards rather than goal states Task is to generate policies for how to act in all situations rather than a plan for a single starting situation
