BE.410 Spring 2003-Lecture 20 Images removed due to copyright considerations The following articles and research were discussed in this lecture Rawicz, W. et al. \Effect of Chain Length and Unsaturation on Elasticity of Lipid Bilayers

Entropic elasticity Image removed due to copyright considerations. See Figure 19-50 in: Alberts, Bruce, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th ed. New York: Garland Publishing, 2002 Image may be viewed online at the NIH's PubMed Bookshelf

BE. 410 Spring 2003-Lecture 3 Slides Images removed due to copyright considerations See Figures 1 and 2 in Liphardt, Jan, et al. \Reversible Unfolding of Single RNA Molecules

1 Introduction Background for New methodology Modern natural science methodology is mainly based on matter and energy Even though matter and energy are still necessitate factors in information system, yet the characteristic feature of information systems, particularly the complex ones, is neither matter nor energy but information Without information, the complex information systems, like brain and intelligent life. cannot be understood

1. Information Processing Definition of Information processing All operations exerted to the information itself for its better utilization Information processing is necessary because most of the information in its original form may not be good for use. Thus information processing is the basis of later operations Two categories of information processing: 1)Shallow Level of Information Processing 2)Deeper level of Information Processing

两个概念: ·就地保护(in situ-site或on- preservation):指保护在 野外的自然群落和种群。 是生物多样性长期保护的最好策略。 迁地保护(ex situ)或易地保(off-site preservation): 指在人类控制的条件下维持种群个体

Aims of this lecture Summarize properties of the rhizosphere, especially Gradients in Nutrient concentration Redox potential Exudates Microbial activity Non-infecting rhizosphere microorganisms Infecting rhizosphere microorganisms that are relevant to plant mineral nutrition red from H Marschner:

Acknowledge I expresses thanks to Assoc. Prof. rob Reid of Adelaide university of Australia, Dr Jeff Gale, foreign teacher of northwest A&F University of China, and Prof. Zhang Fusuo, Prof. Li Xiaolin of China Agriculture University, Prof Liu Yuanyin of Northeast agriculture Unversity and other authors who provide materials for me, or whose materials, such as photographs and figures etc, I used in the lectures

The finite element method In FEMi we derale finite element equations fro PVD swe- SWe and obtained: K0=R:=4…n waere n:number of element nodal p Ue: elenent nodal displace ents

Foliar fertilizer A foliar fertilizer is one that is applied to the surface of the plant. a Foliar uptake is important to aquatic plants and when nutrients are sprayed on foliage in horticulture and agriculture