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1. Indications for prenatal diagnosis 2. Methods for obtaining fetal tissues for prenatal diagnosis 3. Analytical methods 4. New methods for prenatal diagnosis

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1. schizophrenia , SP 2. diabetes mellitus 3. bronchial asthma

1. Mitochondrial DNA 2. mtDNA replication 3. Mitochondrial Inheritance

1. REGRESSION TO THE MEAN 2. POLYGENIC INHERITANCE 3. THE MULTIFACTORIAL MODEL 4. THRESHOLD MODEL OF DISEASE 5. SEVERITY OF DISEASE AND RECURRENCE RISK 6. MULTIPLE AFFECTED OFFSPRING AND 7. CONSANGUINITY 8. HALLMARKS OF MULTIFACTORIAL INHERITANCE