The Financial Markets are Dynamic Business is“Proactive But Regulators are \Reactive\ not “Proactive The System of Regulation and Enforcement can never be completely Flexible and Dynamic Importance of Fiduciary Responsibility
Arbitrage Pricing Theory Arbitrage-arises if an investor can construct a zero investment portfolio with a sure profit Since no investment is required, an investor can create large positions to secure large levels of profit
Fourth Edition Advantages of the Single Index Model Reduces the number of inputs for diversification. Portfolio of 50 assets 50 expected returns;50 variances 1225 covariance. too difficult a task
INVESTMENTS Two-Security Portfolio: Return rp =W+W2r2 W Proportion of funds in Security 1 W2 Proportion of funds in Security 2 =Expected return on Security 1
Capital allocation The choice of proportion in safe asset and proportion in risky asset; Most institutional investors follows top- down analysis---The first part is asset allocation and the next part is security selection decision