▲价格水平的决定理论； ▲宏观短期均衡所决定的变量； ▲宏观短期均衡的调整过程； ▲财政政策对甜均衡变量的影响； ▲财政政策在三大模型中的效力比较； ▲货币政策对短期均衡变量的影响； ▲财政和货币政策对均衡变量变化的比较； ▲相机抉择的宏观稳定政策； ▲财政、货和由政策谁优谁劣及财政和货币政策的组织； ▲利用 AD—AS 解释现实经济生活； ▲AD—AS 模型的长期均衡； ▲总需求变化对长期均衡的影响； ▲短期总供给变化对长期均衡的影响

4.8 Energy Conservation 4.9 Glycolysis as an example of fermentation 糖酵解 4.10 Respiration and membrane associated electron carriers Aerobic respiration-oxygen as terminal electron acceptor有氧呼吸 Anaerobic respiration-other substances as acceptors无氧呼吸 4.11 ENERGY CONSERVATION FROM THE PROTON MOTIVE FORCE 4.12 Carbon Flow in Respiration: the citric acid cycle 三羧酸循环 4.13 Catabolic Alternatives分解代谢的多样性

THE MOTIVES FOR EUPHEMIZING The motives for generating euphemisms are as diverse and as universal as the range of human emotions

the preceding chapter the special stability of benzene was described, along with reac- tions in which an aromatic ring was present as a substituent. In the present chapter we move from considering the aromatic ring as a substituent to studying it as a functional

2.1 Introduction: the role of packaging in the food chain Packaging has a significant role in the food supply chain and it is an integral part both of the food processes and the whole food supply chain. Food packaging has to perform several tasks as well as fulfilling many demands and requirements. Traditionally, a food package makes distribution easier. It has protected food from environmental conditions, such as light, oxygen, moisture, microbes, mechanical stresses and dust. Other basic tasks have been to ensure adequate labelling for providing information e.g., to the customer, and a proper convenience to the consumer, e.g., easy opening, reclosable lids and a suitable dosing mechanism. Basic requirements are good marketing properties

Product development does not occur in isolation as a separate functional activity. It is a company philosophy, a basic company strategy and a multifunctional company activity. In recent years to show this all-encompassing basis, bringing together product, process, marketing and organisational innovations, there has been development of an overall innovation strategy. This innovation strategy is related to the company's overall business aims and strategy, as well as the social, economic and technological environment, and the company's own knowledge and skills. The business strategy also includes a duct strategy outlining the products of the future. The combination of the innovation and product strategies is the basis for the product development strategy, and from this can be developed

The microstructure of graphite spherulites （G.S.） in Ce addition ductile cast iron was carried out using transmission electron microscopy （TEM） techniques. The structral characterization of the graphites is as following: there are platelets growing along the periphery as well as fan-like structure formed from platelet aggregates in the diameter section of spherulite, in which most of the platelets are with sizes ranging from several to tens nm in radial; the [001] direction of the platelets would have a tend to parallel to radial of the G. S. and meanwhile, they also a small misorientation deviated from the radial among the platelets each other. It shows that the anisotropy of graphites has been restrained by adding Ce element in cast iron and the structural characterization of the G. S. is consistent with the Double’ s model of the conical helixes formed in helical growing and branching

Being aimed to developing intermetallic base structural materials to be worked at above 1000℃, a systematic investigation has been performed of the fundamental crystallographic structure, phase constitution map, density-composition dependence, oxidation resistance and general mechanical behaviour for the ternary intermetallic alloys in the Nb-Ti-Al system. Promissing results have been obtained at the initial stage in the current program. The 1100℃ high temperature strength at the strain rate of 10-2/s and 10-5/s for the ternary compound NbTiAl3 （γ1） base alloys are generally much higher than that of the binary compound TiAl （γ）, especially in the γ1 + α2 phase region, it is as high as twice as that of TiAl. The densities are 4.1-4.79g/cm3, depending on relative amount of the intermetallics involved and the density difference between the intermetallics. The oxidation resistance at th

Programming Languages As difficult to discuss rationally as religion or politics. Prone to extreme statements devoid of data. Examples: \It is practically impossible to teach good programming to students that have had a prior exposure to BASIC; as potential programmers they are mentally mutilated beyond hope of regeneration.\(Dijkstra)

Overview: As you may discover, growing single crystals takes patience as well as an artful hand Crystallizations can be very sensitive to temperature and minor disturbances. Therefore, you will be encouraged to try several different temperatures using otherwise identical conditions, and to always find a quiet undisturbed location to promote crystal growth. Here are some tried and true tips to get