I guess I have to come out to reply to those who concern with the nature rate of unemployment. First, What is the natural rate of unemployment? It is assumed to be the unemployment rate at the steady state or equilibrium. Note that equilibrium here is not referred to the common demand-supply equilibrium, but to a state at which things are not changed, or remain the same. More specifically, suppose we can have an economy that could be expressed by the following dynamic system

1. Given the government expenditure, whether the government budget is in surplus or deficit depends on the tax revenue, which itself depends on rate of tax. Please derive the tax rate at which the government budget is in balance. Draw the graph that reflects the relation between tax rate and deficit (or surplus)

I guess I have to come out to reply to those who concern with the nature rate of unemployment. First, What is the natural rate of unemployment? It is assumed to be the unemployment rate at the steady state or equilibrium. Note that equilibrium here is not referred to the common demand-supply equilibrium, but to a state at which things are not changed, or remain the same. More specifically, suppose we can have an economy that could be expressed by the following dynamic system

Macroeconomics is the most disputed, confused, yet excited field in economics. This course introduces you how economists think about those macroeconomic problems such as inflation, unemployment and recession, and how macroeconomic policies could be used to resolve these problems. We will find that economists may give you many different answers

1. Given the government expenditure, whether the government budget is in surp lus or deficit dep ends on the tax revenue which itself depends on rate of tax. Please derive the tax rate at which the government budget is in balance. Draw the graph that reflects the relation between tax rate and deficit (or surplus)

近年来，随着宏观经济波动、四万亿后续影响、地方政府负债、土地流拍等原因，引起了一系列房价波动。由于房地产市场的泡沫化以及贷款购房的杠杆化，房价的波动引发了一系列银行信贷风险，尤其体现在房地产贷款不良以及银行个人住房抵押贷款方面。甚至，在严重的时候甚至产生了弃房断供等现象。房地产的价格波动对中国宏观经济走势的影响不可忽视，房地产市场是否存在风险成为了焦点

Meaning of Money As the word money is used in everyday conversation, it can mean many things, but to economists, it has a very specific meaning. To avoid confusion, we must clarify how economists’ use of the word money. Economists define money (money supply) as anything that is generally accepted in payment for goods or services or in the repayment of debts. 货币（货币供应）定义为在商品和劳务或债务偿 还中被普遍接受的任何东西

本章主要内容：工程项目策划工作及构思（工程项目的前期策划工作、工程项目的构思）；工程项目目标设定与方案策划（工程项目的目标设计、工程项目总方案策划）；工程项目前期论证（可行性研究前的工作、项目的可行性研究步骤和内容、工程项目的评价）；工程项目策划关注点。本章重难点：工程项目的前期策划工作、工程项目的目标设计、工程项目总方案策划、可行性报告的编制、工程项目的评价

1. GDP measures both the total income of everyone in the economy and the total expendi- ture on the economy's output of goods and services. GDP can measure two things at once because both are really the same thing: for an economy as a whole, income must al expenditure. As the circular flow diagram in the text illustrates, these are alter- native, equivalent ways of measuring the flow of dollars in the economy

Unemployment A man willing to work, and unable to find work, is perhaps the saddest sight that fortune's inequality exhibits under the sun Thomas Carlyle Unemployment is the macroeconomic problem that affects people most directly and severely. For most people, the loss of a job means a reduced living standard