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Recombinant gene expression in eukaryotic systems is often the only viable route to the large-scale production of authentic, post￾translationally modified proteins. It is becoming increasingly easy to find a suitable system to overexpress virtually any gene product

Over the past decade the variety of hosts and vector systems for recombinant protein expression has increased dramatically. Researchers now select from among mammalian, insect, yeast, and prokaryotic hosts, and the number of vectors available for use in these organisms continues to grow

一、基因表达的概念 1、基因（gene）：从遗传学讲，基因就是遗传的基本单位或单元，具有编码RNA或多数情况下编码多肽功能的信息单位。从分子生物学看，基因是负载特定遗传信息的DNA分子片段

一、基因表达的概念 1、基因（gene）：从遗传学讲，基因就是遗传的基本单位或单元，具有编码RNA或多数情况下编码多肽功能的信息单位。从分子生物学看，基因是负载特定遗传信息的DNA分子片段

一、三种不同的RNA聚合酶 二、RNA 聚合酶的组成 三、真核RNA聚合酶的活性

一、顺式作用元件和反式作用因子 Cis-acting element：不编码任何产物的 DNA片段，能影响与之相联系的同一条 DNA链上的基因表达 :启动子。 Trans-acting factor （转录因子TF） 由调节基因编码，调节基因是一种特殊 的结构基因，其编码产物（RNA或蛋白质） 可以扩散，控制其他基因的表达

Translation is the conversion of the information in the nucleic acid sequence to polypeptides of a specific amino acid sequence

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, primary RNA transcripts undergo various alteration or processing events to become mature RNAs: The three commonest types are: 1, nucleotide removal by nucleases; 2, nucleotide addition to the 5’- or 3’-end, 3, nucleotide modification on the base or thesugar

第一节 基本概念 第二节 免疫球蛋白的结构 第三节 免疫球蛋白的类别和血清型 第四节 Ig生物合成和基因调控 第五节 Ig生物学活性 一、与抗原特异性结合 二、激活补体 三、结合Fc受体 四、通过胎盘 五、抗体的免疫调节作用 六、抗体的免疫原性 第六节 五类Ig的特性与作用 第七节 人工制备抗体的种类