PHYSICAL PROPERTIES TABLE A Selected Physical Properties of Representative Hydrocarbons Boiling Molecular Structural Melting Compound name formula point,C Alkanes Methane 182.5 Ethane CH CH3CH3

this chapter and the next we extend our coverage of conjugated systems to include arenes. Arenes are hydrocarbons based on the benzene ring as a structural unit. Ben- are zene, toluene, and naphthalene, for example, are arenes

the preceding chapter the special stability of benzene was described, along with reac- tions in which an aromatic ring was present as a substituent. In the present chapter we move from considering the aromatic ring as a substituent to studying it as a functional

he next several chapters deal with the chemistry of various oxygen-containing functional groups. The interplay of these important classes of compounds-alco- hols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and derivatives of carboxylic acids-is fundamental to organic chemistry and biochemistry

ADDITION TO THE CARBONYL GROUP Idehydes and ketones contain an acyl group RC-bonded either to hydrogen or to another carbon

一、基团的氧化态与氧化-还原反应 二、还原反应 三、氧化反应 四、酚醌氧化还原与生命体电子传递

《有机化学》课程教学资源：课程教学资源：考试大纲

一、热力学 Thermodynamics 二、动力学 Kinetics 三、反应机制 Reaction Mechanism 四、反应的方向、活性与选择性 五、反应活泼中间体Active Intermediates 六、有机反应机制的研究方法

ACYL SUBSTITUTION his chapter differs from preceding ones in that it deals with several related classes of compounds rather than just one. Included are 1. Acyl chlorides, RCCI 2. Carboxylic acid anhydrides, RCOCR 3. Esters of carboxylic acids, RCOR'99

一、消去反应机制 消去反应的机理 —— E1, E2, and E1cB