1 . The chara cte ristics of the n euronal cell Wha t would come to your mind as a definition? It is a cell of the brain: that is not correct, it is more widely spread: CNS = brain + spinal cord, SN P, ente ric s ystem. It is an exc itable cell: it is tr ue but this property is s hared with other cells. Muscles: striated musc le, heart. And other cells too such as endocrine cells present an exc itabilit y that is the property to gene rate action

《医学分子生物学 Molecular Biology in Medicine》课程PPT教学课件：第六章 基因表达的调控（Control of Gene Expression）

Molecular Biology of the Gene, 5/E --- Watson et al. (2004) Part I: Chemistry and Genetics Part II: Maintenance of the Genome Part III: Expression of the Genome Part IV: Regulation Part V: Methods

Molecular Biology of the Gene, 5/E --- Watson et al. (2004) Part I: Chemistry and Genetics Part II: Maintenance of the Genome Part III: Expression of the Genome Part IV: Regulation Part V: Methods

一、基因表达的概念 1、基因（gene）：从遗传学讲，基因就是遗传的基本单位或单元，具有编码RNA或多数情况下编码多肽功能的信息单位。从分子生物学看，基因是负载特定遗传信息的DNA分子片段

一、翻译（translation）：mRNA分子中的遗传信息转变为蛋白质的氨基酸排列顺序 二、基因表达（Gene expression）：转录与翻译 三、中心法则

TOPIC 1 Principles of Transcriptional Regulation [watch the animation] TOPIC 2 Regulation of Transcription Initiation: Examples from Bacteria (Lac operon, alternative s factors, NtrC,MerR, Gal rep, araBAD operon) TOPIC 3 Examples of Gene Regulation after Transcription Initiation (Trp operon) TOPIC 4 The Case of Phage λ: Layers of Regulation

Topic 1: THE CODE IS DEGENERATE Topic 2: THREE RULES GOVERN THE GENETIC CODE Topic 3: SUPPRESSOR MUTATIONS CAN RESIDE IN THE SAME OR A DIFFERENT GENE Topic 4: THE CODE IS NEARLY UNIVERSAL

DNA克隆(DNA cloning)：应用酶学的方法，在 体外将目的基因与载体DNA结合成一具有自我复 制能力的DNA分子—复制子，继而通过转化或转 染宿主细胞、筛选出含有目的基因的转化子细胞， 再进行扩增、提取获得大量同一DNA分子的过程。 DNA克隆又称基因克隆（gene cloning）。 基因工程（genetic engineering）：实现基因克 隆所采用的方法及相关的工作

一、基因表达的概念 1、基因（gene）：从遗传学讲，基因就是遗传的基本单位或单元，具有编码RNA或多数情况下编码多肽功能的信息单位。从分子生物学看，基因是负载特定遗传信息的DNA分子片段