Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Inviscid, incompressible Flow Theoretical fluid dynamics, being a difficult subject, is for convenience, commonly divided into two branches, one treating frictionless or perfect fluids, the other treating of viscous or imperfect fluids. The frictionles fluid has no existence in nature, but is hypothesized by mathematicians in order to facilitate the investigation of important laws and principles that may be approximately true of viscous or natural fluids

如果扰动比一个简单声波强,其引起的波前就会比马赫波强产生一 个与来流夹角为β的斜激波,且β>μ。这一比较在图9.4中给出。然而, 斜激波产生的物理机理与上面描述的马赫波的产生完全相同

5.1 Introduction The properties of airfoils are the same as the properties of a wing with infinite span. However, all real airplanes have wings of finite span. In the present chapter, we will apply our knowledge of airfoil properties to the analysis for finite wings. As we have mentioned in the previous chapter, the analysis for the aerodynamics of wings is separated in two steps.now, we are going on the second-step in Prandtl's philosophy of wing theory

特别要注意:膨胀过程是一个等熵过程。 要解决的问题是:已知上游马赫数M及其它流动特性(区域1), 求通过偏转角θ膨胀后的下游(区域2)的特

如上图所示的斜激波在真实情况下有时会碰到固壁或与其它激 波、膨胀波相交,进而发生相互作用,这种现象称为激波的干 扰与反射。本节的目的就是要定性地讨论激波的干扰问题

第八章我们讨论了正激波,本章我们讨论斜激波,及超音速流场中的另一个重要特征——膨胀波

离子液体电沉积铝技术具有广阔的应用前景，而添加剂是提高铝镀层性能的有效方法，但相关作用机制还有待明确。本文应用量子化学和分子动力学模拟研究了二氯甲烷（DCM）和甲苯(C7H8)对氯化-1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑/三氯化铝([BMIM]Cl/AlCl3)体系的微观结构、物理化学性质和铝电沉积的影响。发现DCM易与阴、阳离子形成氢键，分布在阴阳离子之间使得阴阳离子间距离增加、相互作用能减小, 导致阴阳离子扩散能力增强、铝配离子更倾向以${\\rm{A}}{{\\rm{l}}_2}{\\rm{Cl}}_7^ -$

8.1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this chapter and Chap. 9 is to develop shock-wave theory, thus giving us the means to calculate the changes in the flow properties across a wave.本章和第九章的目的是推导激波理论,因而得出计算通过激波的流动特性变化量的公式

一、能量方程的各种特殊表达形式 二、总温的计算公式 三、总压、总密度的计算公式 四、临界参数的定义与计算公式 五、特征马赫数(速度系数)M*的定义及计算公式

All real substances are compressible to some greater or lesser extend. When you squeeze or press on them, their density will change. This is particularly true of gases. (所有的真实物质都是可压缩的,当我们压挤 它们时,它们的密度会发生变化对于气体尤 其是这样)