Business Intelligence, 4e(sharda/Delen/Turban) Chapter 8 Future Trends, Privacy and managerial Considerations in Analytics 1)Siemens utilizes data sensors to track failure rates in household appliances Answer FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 2)In the classification of location-based analytic applications, examining geographic site locations falls in the consumer-oriented category Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 445 3)In the Great Clips case study, the company uses geospatial data to analyze, among other things, the types of haircuts most popular in different geographic locations Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 443 4)From massive amounts of high-d imensional location data, algorithms that reduce the dimensionality of the data can be used to uncover trends, meaning, and relationships to eventually produce human-understandable representations Answer TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 445 5)In the Quiznos case, the company employed location-based behavioral targeting to narrow the characteristics of users who were most likely to eat at a quick-service restaurant Answer TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 446 6)Internet of Things (IoT) is the phenomenon of connecting the physical world to the Internet Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419 7) For cloud computing to be successful, users must have knowledge and experience in the control of the technology infrastructures Answer FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 8)Social networking Web sites like Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, are also examples of cloud computing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 430 9)Web-based e-mail such as Google's Gmail are not examples of cloud computing Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
1 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. Business Intelligence, 4e (Sharda/Delen/Turban) Chapter 8 Future Trends, Privacy and Managerial Considerations in Analytics 1) Siemens utilizes data sensors to track failure rates in household appliances. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 2) In the classification of location-based analytic applications, examining geographic site locations falls in the consumer-oriented category. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 445 3) In the Great Clips case study, the company uses geospatial data to analyze, among other things, the types of haircuts most popular in different geographic locations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 443 4) From massive amounts of high-dimensional location data, algorithms that reduce the dimensionality of the data can be used to uncover trends, meaning, and relationships to eventually produce human-understandable representations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 445 5) In the Quiznos case, the company employed location-based behavioral targeting to narrow the characteristics of users who were most likely to eat at a quick-service restaurant. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 446 6) Internet of Things (IoT) is the phenomenon of connecting the physical world to the Internet. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419 7) For cloud computing to be successful, users must have knowledge and experience in the control of the technology infrastructures. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 8) Social networking Web sites like Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, are also examples of cloud computing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 430 9) Web-based e-mail such as Google's Gmail are not examples of cloud computing. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430
10)Service-oriented dSs solutions generally offer individual or bundled services to the user as a service Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 I 1)Users definitely own their biometric data Answer: FALsE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 452 cleansing and enriching data and offering it to different systems, applications, or ben ed place 12) Data as a service began with the notion that data quality could happen in a centralize irrespective of where they were in the organization, computers, or on the network Answer TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 13)IaaS helps provide faster information, but provides information only to managers in an ation Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 14)Server virtualization is the pooling of physical storage from multiple network storage devices into a single storage device Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 15)While cloud services are useful for small and midsize analytic applications, they are still limited in their ability to handle big data applications Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435 16) SaaS combines aspects of cloud computing with Big data analytics and empowers data scientists and analysts by allowing them to access centrally managed information data sets Answer FALsE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435 17)One reason the lot is growing exponentially is because hardware is smaller and more affordable Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 420 8)Connectivity is not a part of the loT infrastructure Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 19)RFID can be used in supply chains to manage product quality Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 425 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
2 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 10) Service-oriented DSS solutions generally offer individual or bundled services to the user as a service. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 11) Users definitely own their biometric data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 452 12) Data as a service began with the notion that data quality could happen in a centralized place, cleansing and enriching data and offering it to different systems, applications, or users, irrespective of where they were in the organization, computers, or on the network. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 13) IaaS helps provide faster information, but provides information only to managers in an organization. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 14) Server virtualization is the pooling of physical storage from multiple network storage devices into a single storage device. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 15) While cloud services are useful for small and midsize analytic applications, they are still limited in their ability to handle Big Data applications. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435 16) SaaS combines aspects of cloud computing with Big Data analytics and empowers data scientists and analysts by allowing them to access centrally managed information data sets. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435 17) One reason the IoT is growing exponentially is because hardware is smaller and more affordable. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 420 18) Connectivity is not a part of the IoT infrastructure. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 19) RFID can be used in supply chains to manage product quality. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref: 425
20) The term cloud computing originates from a reference to the internet as a" cloud"and represents an evolution of all of the previously shared/centralized computing trends Answer TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 21)What kind of location-based analytics is a real-time marketing promotion? A)organization-oriented geospatial static approach B)organization-oriented location-based dynamic approach C)consumer-oriented geospatial static approach D)consumer-oriented location-based dynamic approach A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 22)GPS Navigation is an example of which kind of location-based analytics? A)organization-oriented geospatial static approach B)organization-oriented location-based dynamic approach C) consumer-oriented geospatial static approach D)consumer-oriented location-based dynamic approach Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 23)What new geometric data type in Teradata's data warehouse captures geospatial features? A)NAVTEQ B)ST GEOMETRY C)GIS D)SQL/MM Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 443 24)Which of these is NoT a part of the loT technology infrastructure? A)hardware B)connectivit C)electrical access D)software nswer Diff: 2 age Ref: 422 25)Today, most smartphones are equipped with various instruments to measure jerk, orientation, and sense motion. One of these instruments is an accelerometer, and the other is a(n) A)potentiometer B)gy D)oscilloscope A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 464 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
3 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 20) The term cloud computing originates from a reference to the Internet as a "cloud" and represents an evolution of all of the previously shared/centralized computing trends. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 21) What kind of location-based analytics is a real-time marketing promotion? A) organization-oriented geospatial static approach B) organization-oriented location-based dynamic approach C) consumer-oriented geospatial static approach D) consumer-oriented location-based dynamic approach Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 22) GPS Navigation is an example of which kind of location-based analytics? A) organization-oriented geospatial static approach B) organization-oriented location-based dynamic approach C) consumer-oriented geospatial static approach D) consumer-oriented location-based dynamic approach Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 23) What new geometric data type in Teradata's data warehouse captures geospatial features? A) NAVTEQ B) ST_GEOMETRY C) GIS D) SQL/MM Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 443 24) Which of these is NOT a part of the IoT technology infrastructure? A) hardware B) connectivity C) electrical access D) software Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 25) Today, most smartphones are equipped with various instruments to measure jerk, orientation, and sense motion. One of these instruments is an accelerometer, and the other is a(n) A) potentiometer. B) gyroscope. C) microscope. D) oscilloscope. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 464
26)Smartbin has developed trash containers that include sensors to detect A)fill levels B) types of trash C)tip- D)weather. A nswer A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419-420 27) The portion of the lot technology infrastructure that focuses on the sensors themselves is A)hardware B)connectivity C)software backend D)applications A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 28) The portion of the loT technology infrastructure that focuses on how to manage incoming data and analyze it is A)hardware B)connectivit C)software backend D)applications Al nswer C Diff: 2 Page ref: 422 29)The portion of the loT technology infrastructure that focuses on controlling what and how information is captured is A)hardware B)connectivit C)software backend D)applications Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 30)The portion of the lot technology infrastructure that focuses on how to transmit data is A)hardware B)connectivity C)software backend D)appli Al nswer Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
4 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 26) Smartbin has developed trash containers that include sensors to detect A) fill levels. B) types of trash. C) tip-over. D) weather. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419-420 27) The portion of the IoT technology infrastructure that focuses on the sensors themselves is A) hardware. B) connectivity. C) software backend. D) applications. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 28) The portion of the IoT technology infrastructure that focuses on how to manage incoming data and analyze it is A) hardware. B) connectivity. C) software backend. D) applications. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 29) The portion of the IoT technology infrastructure that focuses on controlling what and how information is captured is A) hardware. B) connectivity. C) software backend. D) applications. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 30) The portion of the IoT technology infrastructure that focuses on how to transmit data is A) hardware. B) connectivity. C) software backend. D) applications. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422
31Using this model, companies can deploy their software and applications in the cloud so that their customers can use them A)SaaS B)PaaS C)laas D)Daas Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 32)This model allows consumers to use applications and software that run on distant computers in the cloud infrastructure A)Saas B)Paas C)laas D)Daas Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 33)Which of the following is true of data-as-a-Service(DaaS)platforms? A)Knowing where the data resides is critical to the functioning of the platform B) There are standardized processes for accessing data wherever it is located C) Business processes can access local data only D) Data quality happens on each individual platform Answer B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431-432 4)Which of the following allows companies to deploy their software and applications in the cloud so that their customers can use them? A)Saas B)laas C)PaaS D)Aaas Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 35)In this model, infrastructure resources like networks, storage, servers, and other computing resources are provided to client companies A)Saas B)Paas C)laas Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
5 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 31) Using this model, companies can deploy their software and applications in the cloud so that their customers can use them. A) SaaS B) PaaS C) IaaS D) DaaS Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 32) This model allows consumers to use applications and software that run on distant computers in the cloud infrastructure. A) SaaS B) PaaS C) IaaS D) DaaS Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 33) Which of the following is true of data-as-a-Service (DaaS) platforms? A) Knowing where the data resides is critical to the functioning of the platform. B) There are standardized processes for accessing data wherever it is located. C) Business processes can access local data only. D) Data quality happens on each individual platform. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431-432 34) Which of the following allows companies to deploy their software and applications in the cloud so that their customers can use them? A) SaaS B) IaaS C) PaaS D) AaaS Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432 35) In this model, infrastructure resources like networks, storage, servers, and other computing resources are provided to client companies. A) SaaS B) PaaS C) IaaS D) DaaS Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 432
36) This model began with the notion that data quality could happen in a centralized pla cleansing and enriching data and offering it to different systems, applications, or users, irrespective of where they were in the organization, computers, or on the network A)Saas B)PaaS C)laas D)Daas Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 37)Why are companies like IBM shifting to provide more services and consulting? A)Customers see that significant value can be created with the application of analytics, and need help completing these tasks B)They can no longer compete in the software market C) New regulations forced them into this market D)None of these Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 454 38)Services that let consumers permanently enter a profile of information along with a password and use this information repeatedly to access services at multiple sites are called A)consumer access applications B)information collection portals C)single-sign-on facilitie D)consumer information sign on facilities Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 450 39)Which of the following is true about the furtherance of homeland security? A)There is a lessening of privacy issues B) There is a greater need for oversight C) The impetus was the need to harvest information related to financial fraud after 2001 D)Most people regard analytic tools as mostly ineffective in increasing securit Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 450-451 40)Why is separating the impact of analytics from that of other computerized systems a difficult task? A)Businesses do not typically track the sources of successful projects B)The trend is toward integrating systems C) Software tools are not sophisticated enough D)It is not an organizational priority Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 453 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
6 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 36) This model began with the notion that data quality could happen in a centralized place, cleansing and enriching data and offering it to different systems, applications, or users, irrespective of where they were in the organization, computers, or on the network. A) SaaS B) PaaS C) IaaS D) DaaS Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 431 37) Why are companies like IBM shifting to provide more services and consulting? A) Customers see that significant value can be created with the application of analytics, and need help completing these tasks. B) They can no longer compete in the software market. C) New regulations forced them into this market. D) None of these. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 454 38) Services that let consumers permanently enter a profile of information along with a password and use this information repeatedly to access services at multiple sites are called A) consumer access applications. B) information collection portals. C) single-sign-on facilities. D) consumer information sign on facilities. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 450 39) Which of the following is true about the furtherance of homeland security? A) There is a lessening of privacy issues. B) There is a greater need for oversight. C) The impetus was the need to harvest information related to financial fraud after 2001. D) Most people regard analytic tools as mostly ineffective in increasing security. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 450-451 40) Why is separating the impact of analytics from that of other computerized systems a difficult task? A) Businesses do not typically track the sources of successful projects. B) The trend is toward integrating systems. C) Software tools are not sophisticated enough. D) It is not an organizational priority. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 453
is a generic technology that refers to the use of radio-frequency waves to identify objects Answer: RFID Diff: 2 Page ref: 422 42)A critical emerging trend in analytics is the incorporation of location data data is the static location data used by these location- based analytic applications Answer: Geospatial Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 43)With RFID tags, a(n) tag has a battery on board to energize it Answer: active Diff: 2 Page Ref: 423 44)With RFID tags, a(n) tag receives energy from the electromagnetic field created by the interrogator Answer: passive Diff: 2 Page Ref: 423 45) Predictive analytics is beginning to enable development of software that is directly used by a consumer. One key concern in employing these technologies is the loss of Answer: privacy Diff: 2 Page Ref: 448 is the splitting of available band width into channels Answer: Network virtualization Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 47) is the masking of physical servers from server user Answer: Server virtualization Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 provides resources like networks, storage, servers, and other computing resources to client companies Answer: laaS Diff: 3 Page Ref: 432 49)Iaas, AaaS and other based offerings allow the rapid diffusion of advanced analysis tools icant investment in technology acquisitio Answer: cloud Diff: 2 Page Ref: 440 50)A major structural change that can occur when analytics are introduced into an organization is the creation of new organizational A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 454 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
7 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 41) ________ is a generic technology that refers to the use of radio-frequency waves to identify objects. Answer: RFID Diff: 2 Page Ref: 422 42) A critical emerging trend in analytics is the incorporation of location data. ________ data is the static location data used by these location-based analytic applications. Answer: Geospatial Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 43) With RFID tags, a(n) ________ tag has a battery on board to energize it. Answer: active Diff: 2 Page Ref: 423 44) With RFID tags, a(n) ________ tag receives energy from the electromagnetic field created by the interrogator. Answer: passive Diff: 2 Page Ref: 423 45) Predictive analytics is beginning to enable development of software that is directly used by a consumer. One key concern in employing these technologies is the loss of ________. Answer: privacy Diff: 2 Page Ref: 448 46) ________ is the splitting of available bandwidth into channels. Answer: Network virtualization Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 47) ________ is the masking of physical servers from server users. Answer: Server virtualization Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 48) ________ provides resources like networks, storage, servers, and other computing resources to client companies. Answer: IaaS Diff: 3 Page Ref: 432 49) IaaS, AaaS and other ________-based offerings allow the rapid diffusion of advanced analysis tools among users, without significant investment in technology acquisition. Answer: cloud Diff: 2 Page Ref: 440 50) A major structural change that can occur when analytics are introduced into an organization is the creation of new organizational ________. Answer: units Diff: 2 Page Ref: 454
51)A(n) is operated solely for a single organization having a mission critical workload and security concerns Answer: private cloud Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 52)In a(n) the subscriber uses the resources offered by service providers over the Answer: public cloud Diff: 2 Page Ref: 434 53)Analytics can change the way in which many are made by managers and can consequently change their jobs Answer: decisions Diff: 2 Page Ref: 455 54)AaaS in the cloud has economies of scale and scope by providing many analytical applications with better scalability and higher cost saving Answer: virtual Diff: 2 Ref: 435 55)Location information from phones can be used to create profiles of user behavior and movement Answer: mobile Diff: 2 Page Ref: 462 6)For individual decision makers values constitute a major factor in the issue of ethical decision making Answer: personal Diff: 2 Page Ref: 453 is/are used to capture, store, analyze, and manage data linked to a location using integrated sensor technologies, global positioning systems installed in smartphones, or through RFID deployments in the retail and healthcare industries Answer: GIS Diff: 2 Page Ref: 442 68)By using businesses can collect and analyze data to discern large-scale patterns of movement and identify distinct classes of behaviors in specific contexts Answer: locat Diff: 3 Page Ref: 445 59) Pokemon GO is an example of a location-sensing reality-based game Answer: augmented Diff: 2 Page Ref: 446 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
8 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 51) A(n) ________ is operated solely for a single organization having a mission critical workload and security concerns. Answer: private cloud Diff: 2 Page Ref: 433 52) In a(n) ________ the subscriber uses the resources offered by service providers over the Internet. Answer: public cloud Diff: 2 Page Ref: 434 53) Analytics can change the way in which many ________ are made by managers and can consequently change their jobs. Answer: decisions Diff: 2 Page Ref: 455 54) AaaS in the cloud has economies of scale and scope by providing many ________ analytical applications with better scalability and higher cost savings. Answer: virtual Diff: 2 Page Ref: 435 55) Location information from ________ phones can be used to create profiles of user behavior and movement. Answer: mobile Diff: 2 Page Ref: 462 56) For individual decision makers, ________ values constitute a major factor in the issue of ethical decision making. Answer: personal Diff: 2 Page Ref: 453 57) ________ is/are used to capture, store, analyze, and manage data linked to a location using integrated sensor technologies, global positioning systems installed in smartphones, or through RFID deployments in the retail and healthcare industries. Answer: GIS Diff: 2 Page Ref: 442 58) By using ________, businesses can collect and analyze data to discern large-scale patterns of movement and identify distinct classes of behaviors in specific contexts. Answer: location-enabled services Diff: 3 Page Ref: 445 59) Pokémon GO is an example of a location-sensing ________ reality-based game. Answer: augmented Diff: 2 Page Ref: 446
60)In general, is the right to be left alone and the right to be free from unreasonable personal intrusion Answer: privacy Diff: 2 Page Ref: 449 61)How does Siemens use sensor data to help monitor equipment on trains? Answer: Siemens uses an loT model and sensors attached to several key components of trains for future repair. By using a wide variety of different types of sensors, the company is able o ed and other railway equipment to help evaluate its current working cond ition, and predict the nee evaluate a multitude of cond itions This evaluation can be on the train itself. or within the supporting infrastructure. By using analytics to monitor these sensors, the company is able to predict the need for repair prior to component failure Diff: 2 Page ref: 418 62) How do the trad itional location-based analytic techniques using geocoding of organizational locations and consumers hamper the organizations in understanding"true location-based Answer: Locations based on postal codes offer an aggregate view of a large geographic area This poor granularity may not be able to pinpoint the growth opportunities within a region. The location of the target customers can change rapidly. An organization s promotional campaigns might not target the right customers Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 63) In what ways can communications companies use geospatial analysis to harness their data effectively? Answer: Communication companies often generate massive amounts of data every day. The ability to analyze the data quickly with a high level of location-specific granularity can better identify the customer churn and help in formulating strategies specific to locations for increasing operational efficiency, quality of service, and revenue Diff: 2 Page ref: 444 4)What is Internet of Things(loT)and how is it used? Answer: IoT is the phenomenon of connecting the physical world to the Internet. In IoT, physical devices are connected to sensors that collect data on the operation, location, and state of a device. This data is processed using various analytics techniques for monitoring the device remotely from a central office or for predicting any upcoming faults in the device Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
9 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 60) In general, ________ is the right to be left alone and the right to be free from unreasonable personal intrusion. Answer: privacy Diff: 2 Page Ref: 449 61) How does Siemens use sensor data to help monitor equipment on trains? Answer: Siemens uses an IoT model and sensors attached to several key components of trains and other railway equipment to help evaluate its current working condition, and predict the need for future repair. By using a wide variety of different types of sensors, the company is able to evaluate a multitude of conditions. This evaluation can be on the train itself, or within the supporting infrastructure. By using analytics to monitor these sensors, the company is able to predict the need for repair prior to component failure. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 418 62) How do the traditional location-based analytic techniques using geocoding of organizational locations and consumers hamper the organizations in understanding "true location-based" impacts? Answer: Locations based on postal codes offer an aggregate view of a large geographic area. This poor granularity may not be able to pinpoint the growth opportunities within a region. The location of the target customers can change rapidly. An organization's promotional campaigns might not target the right customers. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 441 63) In what ways can communications companies use geospatial analysis to harness their data effectively? Answer: Communication companies often generate massive amounts of data every day. The ability to analyze the data quickly with a high level of location-specific granularity can better identify the customer churn and help in formulating strategies specific to locations for increasing operational efficiency, quality of service, and revenue. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 444 64) What is Internet of Things (IoT) and how is it used? Answer: IoT is the phenomenon of connecting the physical world to the Internet. In IoT, physical devices are connected to sensors that collect data on the operation, location, and state of a device. This data is processed using various analytics techniques for monitoring the device remotely from a central office or for predicting any upcoming faults in the device. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 419
65)What is cloud computing? What is Amazons general approach to the cloud comput ing services it provides? Answer: Wikipedia defines cloud computing as "a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided over the Internet Users need not have knowledge of, experience in, or control over the technology infrastructures in the cloud that supports them Amazon. com has developed an impressive technology infrastructure fore-commerce as for business intelligence, customer relationship management, and supply chain management IthasbuiltmajordatacenterstomanageitsownoperationsHowever,throughAmazon.coms cloud services, many other companies can employ these very same facilities to gain advantages of these technologies without having to make a similar investment. Like other cloud-computing services,a user can subscribe to any of the facilities on a pay-as-you-go basis. This model of letting someone else own the hardware and software but making use of the facilities on a pay-per-use basis is the cornerstone of cloud computing Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 66)Data and text mining is a promising application of Aaas. What additional capabilities can Aaas bring to the analytic world? Answer: It can also be used for large-scale optimization, highly-complex multi-criteria decision problems, and distributed simulation models. These prescriptive analytics require highly capable systems that can only be realized using service-based collaborative systems that can utilize large-scale computational resources Diff: 3 Page Ref: 435 67) Describe your understand ing of the emerging term people analytics. Are there any privacy issues associated with the application? Answer: Applications such as using sensor-embedded badges that employees wear to track their movement and predict behavior has resulted in the term people analytics. This application area combines organizational IT impact, Big Data, sensors, and has privacy concerns. One company, Sociometric Solutions, has reported several such applications of their sensor-embedded badges People analytics creates major privacy issues. Should the companies be able to monitor their employees this intrusively? Sociometric has reported that its analytics are only reported on an aggregate basis to their clients. No individual user data is shared. They have noted that some employers want to get individual employee data, but their contract explicitly prohibits this type of sharing. In any case, sensors are leading to another level of surveillance and analytics, which poses interesting privacy, legal, and ethical questions Diff: 2 Page Ref: 455 Copyright C 2018 Pearson Education, Inc
10 Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 65) What is cloud computing? What is Amazon's general approach to the cloud computing services it provides? Answer: • Wikipedia defines cloud computing as "a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources are provided over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge of, experience in, or control over the technology infrastructures in the cloud that supports them." • Amazon.com has developed an impressive technology infrastructure for e- commerce as well as for business intelligence, customer relationship management, and supply chain management. It has built major data centers to manage its own operations. However, through Amazon.com's cloud services, many other companies can employ these very same facilities to gain advantages of these technologies without having to make a similar investment. Like other cloud-computing services, a user can subscribe to any of the facilities on a pay-as-you-go basis. This model of letting someone else own the hardware and software but making use of the facilities on a pay-per-use basis is the cornerstone of cloud computing. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 430 66) Data and text mining is a promising application of AaaS. What additional capabilities can AaaS bring to the analytic world? Answer: It can also be used for large-scale optimization, highly-complex multi-criteria decision problems, and distributed simulation models. These prescriptive analytics require highly capable systems that can only be realized using service-based collaborative systems that can utilize large-scale computational resources. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 435 67) Describe your understanding of the emerging term people analytics. Are there any privacy issues associated with the application? Answer: • Applications such as using sensor-embedded badges that employees wear to track their movement and predict behavior has resulted in the term people analytics. This application area combines organizational IT impact, Big Data, sensors, and has privacy concerns. One company, Sociometric Solutions, has reported several such applications of their sensor-embedded badges. • People analytics creates major privacy issues. Should the companies be able to monitor their employees this intrusively? Sociometric has reported that its analytics are only reported on an aggregate basis to their clients. No individual user data is shared. They have noted that some employers want to get individual employee data, but their contract explicitly prohibits this type of sharing. In any case, sensors are leading to another level of surveillance and analytics, which poses interesting privacy, legal, and ethical questions. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 455