Units3 and4 Amplification and Omission 基本内容： 教学内容(150分钟) 教学方法与设计思想 Review of the previous 让3个同学上黑板做上 课堂上的即时点评会给 unit. 个单元的homework,同 学生留下较深的印象，除 15分钟 时抽查其他若干同学的 了翻译点外，提醒学生注 homework 意语言上的细节，养成良 好的习惯。 Principle No amplification or简言之，增词不增义，减 5分钟 omission techniques are 词不减义。 to lead to addition or subtraction of the original meaning;only words or phrases are added or subtracted in translation to bring out fully the original meaning or make the text in translation conform to the targe language expression. Lots of translation 下面从四个方面讨论增 amplification instances show that词法在翻译中的必要性 20分钟 amplification is needed to和增词方法。 extend"or bring out the embedded" original meaning in translation. Examples: Science demands of men great efforts and complete
Units 3 and 4 Amplification and Omission 基本内容： 教学内容 （150 分钟） 教学方法与设计思想 Review of the previous unit. 15 分钟 让 3 个同学上黑板做上 个单元的 homework，同 时抽查其他若干同学的 homework。 课堂上的即时点评会给 学生留下较深的印象，除 了翻译点外，提醒学生注 意语言上的细节，养成良 好的习惯。 Principle 5 分钟 No amplification or omission techniques are to lead to addition or subtraction of the original meaning; only words or phrases are added or subtracted in translation to bring out fully the original meaning or make the text in translation conform to the target language expression. 简言之，增词不增义，减 词不减义。 3.1Semantic amplification 20 分钟 Lots of translation instances show that amplification is needed to “extend” or bring out the “embedded” original meaning in translation. Examples: Science demands of men great efforts and complete 下面从四个方面讨论增 词法在翻译中的必要性 和增词方法
devotion. 人们要掌握科学，必须做 出炬大的努力，并全身心 地投入。（增主谓结构） Or:科学研究要求人们 做出巨大的努力，并全身 心地投入。（增名词） He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge and declared his son guilty. 他让法官的职责战胜了 父子的私情，而判决他的 儿子有罪。 (抽象化，增名词) See more examples in the ppt lecture notes. 3.2 Logical and rhetorical Different ways of amplification thinking and different 20分钟 rhetorical devices in English and Chinese is another cause for amplification in translation, or the rhetorical force would be lost in some cases.And the seemingly logica sentences in one language might be nonsense in another,which also necessitates the frequent
devotion. 人们要掌握科学，必须做 出巨大的努力，并全身心 地投入。（增主谓结构） Or: 科学研究要求人们 做出巨大的努力，并全身 心地投入。（增名词） He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his son guilty. 他让法官的职责战胜了 父子的私情，而判决他的 儿子有罪。 （抽象化，增名词） See more examples in the ppt lecture notes. 3.2 Logical and rhetorical amplification 20 分钟 Different ways of thinking and different rhetorical devices in English and Chinese is another cause for amplification in translation, or the rhetorical force would be lost in some cases. And the seemingly logical sentences in one language might be nonsense in another, which also necessitates the frequent
use of amplification in translation. Examples: In this mood,I went to diplomatic circles,earnest but only informed. 我就是怀着这种心情进 入外交界的，满腔热情， 但是知识却肤浅得很。 (增语气词) The restless merchants were laying the basis for the coming world order of capitalism.Holland and England were taking the lead industrially. 那些不停活动的商人正 在给那即将到来的世界 资本主义秩序打下基础， 当时荷兰和英国在产业 方面正占着领导地位。 (增词以利衔接) See more examples in the ppt lecture notes. 3.3Grammatical Discussion of部分学生较轻视语法，认 amplification grammatical knowledge 为自己多年的英语学习 15分钟 applied to translation, 对语法已了然于胸，但翻 especially in the phase of 译教学中发现学生不易 understanding of the将所学到的语法知识应 original, concerning 用于翻译中去，尤其在理
use of amplification in translation. Examples: In this mood, I went to diplomatic circles, earnest but only sketchily informed. 我就是怀着这种心情进 入外交界的，满腔热情， 但是知识却肤浅得很。 （增语气词） The restless merchants were laying the basis for the coming world order of capitalism. Holland and England were taking the lead industrially. 那些不停活动的商人正 在给那即将到来的世界 资本主义秩序打下基础。 当时荷兰和英国在产业 方面正占着领导地位。 （增词以利衔接） See more examples in the ppt lecture notes. 3.3Grammatical amplification 15 分钟 Discussion of grammatical knowledge applied to translation, especially in the phase of understanding of the original, concerning 部分学生较轻视语法，认 为自己多年的英语学习 对语法已了然于胸，但翻 译教学中发现学生不易 将所学到的语法知识应 用于翻译中去，尤其在理
tense,.mood,etc.This解阶段容易犯错。 section hopefully will enhance students awareness of the importance of grammar in comprehension and translation. Examples: The old man said,“They say his father was a fisherman.Maybe he was as poor as we are.” 老头说，“听人说，从前 他爸爸是个打鱼的。他过 去也许跟我们现在一样 穷。”（增词表时间对比） He remembered the incident,as had his wife 他记起了这件事，他妻子 早就记起了。（增省略的 动词，注意时态对比) See more examples in the ppt lecture notes. 3.4Background Culture often plays an翻译有学者称为杂学，实 knowledge important role in 际上不少学科都要求学 15分钟 translation.It is necessary 生具有广博的知识，只是 to use amplification翻译设计多民族、多文化 techniques to bring out的交流，这一点显得特别 the cultural connotations突出
tense, mood, etc. This section hopefully will enhance students’ awareness of the importance of grammar in comprehension and translation. Examples: The old man said, “They say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.” 老头说，“听人说，从前 他爸爸是个打鱼的。他过 去也许跟我们现在一样 穷。”（增词表时间对比） He remembered the incident, as had his wife. 他记起了这件事，他妻子 早就记起了。（增省略的 动词，注意时态对比） See more examples in the ppt lecture notes. 解阶段容易犯错。 3.4Background knowledge 15 分钟 Culture often plays an important role in translation. It is necessary to use amplification techniques to bring out the cultural connotations 翻译有学者称为杂学，实 际上不少学科都要求学 生具有广博的知识，只是 翻译设计多民族、多文化 的交流，这一点显得特别 突出
of the original. Examples: In April,there was the pimg”heard around the world.In July,the ping ponged”. 四月里，全世界听到中国 “乒”的一声把球打了出 去，到了七月，美国乓 的一声把球打了回去 (增与中美乒乓外交相 关的词语) “And before you go to beg their pardon,change trousers for a dress.You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. “在你去向他们赔礼之 前，先用服换掉男裤。 你知道你婆婆对女人穿 长裤是怎么看的”。 3.5 Repetition As a special form of 20分钟 amplification, it is discussed in two aspects semantic and rhetorical. Greater emphasis is put on the latter since English people try to avoid
of the original. Examples: In April, there was the “ping” heard around the world. In July, the ping “ponged”. 四月里，全世界听到中国 “乒”的一声把球打了出 去，到了七月，美国“乓” 的一声把球打了回去。 （增与中美乒乓外交相 关的词语） “And before you go to beg their pardon, change trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. “在你去向他们赔礼之 前，先用女服换掉男裤。 你知道你婆婆对女人穿 长裤是怎么看的”。 3.5 Repetition 20 分钟 As a special form of amplification, it is discussed in two aspects: semantic and rhetorical. Greater emphasis is put on the latter since English people try to avoid
repetitions if not for rhetorical purposes. 3.5.1 Semantic; Repetition of nouns, pronouns,verbs and others;repetition of the same words with differen meanings. 3.5.2 Rhetorical For emphasis, For vividness. See examples in the lecture notes. 4 Omission ●Necessity: 省略法是翻译中的常用 35分钟 Original meaning 方法，前面增词中的原则 self-evident in the 这里照样适用，即减词不 translation: 减义。省略不得成为漏译 Original meaning implied 的借口。省略的主要目的 in the translation. 是使行文简洁，合乎译入 ●Principle: 语的习惯。 No Omission or subtraction of the original meaning. ·Devices Omit redundant words; Omit words that are not accustomed usage in target language. ●Two approaches to
repetitions if not for rhetorical purposes. 3.5.1 Semantic; Repetition of nouns, pronouns, verbs and others; repetition of the same words with different meanings. 3.5.2 Rhetorical For emphasis; For vividness. See examples in the lecture notes. 4 Omission 35 分钟 ⚫ Necessity: Original meaning self-evident in the translation; Original meaning implied in the translation. ⚫ Principle: No Omission or subtraction of the original meaning. ⚫ Devices Omit redundant words; Omit words that are not accustomed usage in target language. ⚫ Two approaches to 省略法是翻译中的常用 方法，前面增词中的原则 这里照样适用，即减词不 减义。省略不得成为漏译 的借口。省略的主要目的 是使行文简洁，合乎译入 语的习惯
the technique of omission 4.1 Grammatical Omission of pronouns, conjunctions,articles, prepositions,etc. 4.2 Rhetorical Omission for reduction of repetitions and for conciseness. See examples in the lecture notes. Homework Handouts of some 教材上的联系均有答案， 5分钟 exercises concerning 所以有时补充一些课外 amplification and 的练习，下堂课检查。 omission in addition to the ones in the textbook
the technique of omission 4.1 Grammatical Omission of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, etc. 4.2 Rhetorical Omission for reduction of repetitions and for conciseness. See examples in the lecture notes. Homework 5 分钟 Handouts of some exercises concerning amplification and omission in addition to the ones in the textbook. 教材上的联系均有答案， 所以有时补充一些课外 的练习，下堂课检查