Unit 8 Text 1 How to Grow Old -Bertrand A.Russell
Unit 8 Text 1 How to Grow Old -Bertrand A. Russell
On how not to grow old Giving oneseffstimulation,challenge and enthusiasm towards new ideas,and enthusiasm towards a wide range ofinterests in life Keep peace in your soul in the noisy confusion of life 号mt Che mist merey Andrea AAndrade
On how not to grow old
Early retirement is good in a way if it's retirement from work,but not if it's retirement from life
Early retirement is good in a way if it’s retirement from work, but not if it’s retirement from life
About the author Bertrand Arthur William Russell http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russell
About the author Bertrand Arthur William Russell http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russell
How is the text structured This essay is a piece of expository writing where the author,in a light and humorous way,provides his personal point of views about two topics:how to keep oneself psychologically young and how to perceive death in one's old age,aiming to tell the reader to cherish the beauty when life offers it to us and to accept the loss when it is inevitable.Roughly,the text can be divided into four parts
How is the text structured This essay is a piece of expository writing where the author，in a light and humorous way, provides his personal point of views about two topics: how to keep oneself psychologically young and how to perceive death in one’s old age，aiming to tell the reader to cherish the beauty when life offers it to us and to accept the loss when it is inevitable. Roughly, the text can be divided into four parts
Part 1 (paras.1-2)A humorous answer to the question:how not to grow old'with his maternal grandmother's attitude toward life and his own life style as illustration Part 2(paras.3-4)Discussion of two dangers that old people should avoid:undue absorption in the past and clinging to youth. Part 3(paras.5)Stressing the importance of fostering impersonal interests which involve appropriate activities. Part 4(para6)The best way for an old person to overcome the fear of death:to develop impersonal interests
• Part 1 (paras. 1-2) A humorous answer to the question: ‘ how not to grow old’ with his maternal grandmother’s attitude toward life and his own life style as illustration • Part 2 (paras. 3-4) Discussion of two dangers that old people should avoid: undue absorption in the past and clinging to youth. • Part 3 (paras. 5) Stressing the importance of fostering impersonal interests which involve appropriate activities. • Part 4 (para6) The best way for an old person to overcome the fear of death: to develop impersonal interests
Detailed study of the text Part 1 (para.1 Questions: How does the author begin his essay? What do you think is the implication of the anecdotes about his maternal grandmother?
Detailed study of the text Part 1 (para. 1 ) Questions: How does the author begin his essay? What do you think is the implication of the anecdotes about his maternal grandmother?
Part 1 (para.1-2) Para.1 The author begins the essay with an answer to the question“how not to grow old”-“to choose your ancestors carefully" Of course we cannot choose our ancestors. In this humorous tone,he means that a good health is important for a long life
Part 1 (para. 1- 2) Para. 1 The author begins the essay with an answer to the question “how not to grow old” –“to choose your ancestors carefully” Of course we cannot choose our ancestors. In this humorous tone, he means that a good health is important for a long life
as regards:when it comes to,when talking about. e.g.This is especially true as regards women,given that,of the world's one billion poorest people, three-fifths are women and girls. ◆ I have little information as regards his past. ■ As regards the second point in your proposal,we need to consult our lawyer before giving you a reply
as regards: when it comes to, when talking about. e.g. This is especially true as regards women, given that, of the world’s one billion poorest people, three-fifths are women and girls. I have little information as regards his past. As regards the second point in your proposal, we need to consult our lawyer before giving you a reply
◆ My maternal grandfather.was cut off in the flower of his youth,.all live to be over eighty:My mother's father died at an early age of 67,but my other three grandparents enjoyed long lives.They all died in their 80s. ■ was cut off:was killed (often uses figuratively) e.g. ◆ I'm glad the bartender cut Tommy offhe's already had too much to drink. ◆ When his wife died,he cut himself off from other people ■ Famine of recent years has cut many children off in Africa The war cut off all his hopes on his son who was an excellent medical student in the time of the war
My maternal grandfather,. was cut off in the flower of his youth, .all live to be over eighty: My mother’s father died at an early age of 67, but my other three grandparents enjoyed long lives. They all died in their 80s. was cut off: was killed (often uses figuratively) e.g. I’m glad the bartender cut Tommy off—he’s already had too much to drink. When his wife died, he cut himself off from other people. Famine of recent years has cut many children off in Africa. The war cut off all his hopes on his son who was an excellent medical student in the time of the war