Acute sinusitis
Anatomy of the nose ➢ turbinate(meatus):superior,middle,inferior ➢ Sinus:maxillary,frontal,ethmoidal,sphenoid
paranasal sinuses They are air-containing cavities in certain bones of skull four pairs of paranasal sinuses
Anterior group of sinuses: frontal sinuses,anterior ethmoid group sinuses,and the maxillary sinuses.their openings are situated in the middle meatus. Posterior group of sinuses: posterior ethmoid group sinuses,which opens in the supeior meatus and sphenoid sinus,which opens in the sphenoethmoid recess
Characteristic of paranasal sinuses ➢ Small ostiums ➢ Mucous membrane is continuous with the nasal mucous membrane ➢ Ostiums are adjacent to each other ➢ Each paranasal sinuses has its characteristic
Frontal Sinus Ethmoid Sinus Maxillary Sinus
Acute sinusitis definition • Acute inflammation of sinus mucosa is called acute sinusitis. The sinus most commonly involved is the maxillary followed in turn by ethmoid , frontal and sphenoid. Very often , more than one sinus is infected (multisinusitis). Sometimes, all the sinuses of one or both sides are involved simultaneoudly (pansinusitis uniltateral or bilateral)
Three types of infection • Bacterial • Viral • fungal
SAHP. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.2004;130:1-45. 20-43% 22-35% Anaerobes 0-9% Staphylococcus aureus 0-8% Other bacteria 4% Moraxella catarrhalis Other streptococci 3-9% 2-10% S. pneumoniae Etiological factor of adult acute bacterial rhinosinusitis H. influenzae