效用是消费者对产品满足其需要的整体能 力的评价。 Value is the consumer's estimate of the product's overall capacity to satisfy his or her needs. 消费者通常根据这种对产品价值的主观 评价和要支付的费用来作出购买决定
需要—指没有得到某些基本满足的感受状态。 Need is a state of deprivation of some basic satisfaction 欲望—指想得到这些基本满足的具体满足物 的愿望。 Wants are desires for specific satisfiers of needs 需求—指对有能力购买并且愿意购买的某个 具体产品的欲望
交换是指从他人处取得所需之物,而 以其某种东西作为回报的行为。 Exchange is the act of obtaining a desired product from someone by offering something in return. 交易(Transactions)—交易是交换活动的 基本单元,是由双方之间的价值交换所构 成的行为