The most common gene change involves a single base mismatch--a misspelling--placing the wrong base in the DNA. At other times, a single base may be dropped or added. And sometimes large pieces of DNA are mistakenly repeated or deleted

酶工程在医学方面的应用是研究和解决酶在医学上应用时的各种技术问题。现代分子生物学 认为生物活动的正常进行都依赖于机体内部生化反应的平衡和稳定,这种复杂而有序的生化反应 需要酶来催化调节,以控制体内代谢的正常进行。因此,一旦疾病发生,究其根本原因都与酶有 直接或间接的关系

(一)名词解释 1.翻译2.密码子3.密码的简并性4.同义密码子5.变偶假说6.移码 突变7.同功受体8.多核糖体 (二)问答题 1.参与蛋白质生物合成体系的组分有哪些?它们具有什么功能? 2.遗传密码是如何破译的? 3.遗传密码有什么特点?

一、组成生命有机体的元素 二、生物分子 三、生命有机体中的化学键 四、生物化学反应的能量来源 五、水在生命化学过程中的作用

Chapter 10 Cytoskeleton System 1 Introduction A Conception of Cytoskeleton(Narrow sense) A complex network of interconnected microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments that extends throughout the cytosol

Chapter 12 Cell differentiation and Cancer cells Cell differentiation 1. About the concept of cell differentiation The process that a cell changes to carry out a specialized function Marked by: Morphology /Structure/Function

Chapter 1 Introduction to the cell Learning Objectives 1. About Cell Biology 2. Look briefly at the history of cell theory; 3. Consider the basic properties of cells; 4. Compare some characteristics of two different classes of cells: prokaryotes and eukaryotes; 5.comprehend a special life: viruses

Chapter 3 Techniques in Cell Biology Preparatory observe put forward theoretics Design control tests Refer to knowledge Collect data Explain results Devise conclusion

Chapter 5A. The Movement of Substances Across cell membranes Learning Obiectives 1. Principles of membrane transport 2. Passive transport and active transport; 3. Two main classes of membrane transport proteins Carriers and Channels

Chapter 7 Energy Generation in Mitochondria and Chloroplasts (1)Mitochondria: in all eukaryotic cells The relationship between the structure and function of mit. ()Chloroplasts: in plant cells The relationship between the structure and function of chI. Mit: Oxidative phosphorylation→atp hl: Photosynthesis→atp+ NADPH→ Sugar