Part I Vocabulary Structure (25%) Section a Directions: Complete each sentence by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices 1. He said.\I a lot of new words by the end of last year A) had already learnt C)have already learnt B)would have already learnt D)already learnt
Why one needs statistics for describing physical phenomena? Any measurable macroscopic property is an average over a very huge number of microscopic configurations. Time scale of thermal fluctuations and basic relaxations~fs(femto second, 10-15 second). During the time interval necessary for realizing a measurement, a macroscopic system undergoes the change of its microscopic configuration for many many times!
(Harvard University and NBER) October 1, 2002 Abstract There are two dierent types of media bias. One bias, which we refer to as ideology, re ects a news outlet's desire to aect reader opinions in a particular direction. The second bias, which we refer to as spin
Forces on a Wire Carrying a Current in a Magnetic Field Magnetic Pressure Magnetic Energy Denisity Magnetic Forces btwn Two Electric Currents Magnetic Forces Within an Isolated Circuit
I. Explain the italicized words or phrases in the following sentences. (20%) 1. Ancient girders creak and groan, ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can