Born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania. Received bachelor’s degree in Hamilton College in New York, majored in English literature. He decided to be a writer.(influenced by Robert Frost)

Received bachelor’s degree in Hamilton College in New York, majored in English literature. He decided to be a writer.(influenced by Robert Frost)

《网络虚拟环境与计算机应用》课程参考资料：网络行为心理学——虚拟世界与真实生活〔英〕亚当·乔伊

复旦大学：《心灵哲学 Philosophy of Mind》课程教学资源（PPT课件，英文版）第12讲 演化心理学 Evolutionary Psychology

4.2.1 Ivan Petrovich Pavlov:Sep.14, 1849 – Feb.27, 1936 Place of birth: Ryazan (Russia) Education: Studied medicine at St. Petersburg (Russia)

高等教育出版社：普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材《心理学》书籍电子版（第2版，主编：姚本先）

4.1.1 Edward Lee Thorndyke:1874-1949, American educational psychologist. 1891-1895,studied English literature in Wesleyan University

Anything that can be learned from direct experience can also be learned by indirect or vicarious experience

Are they instances of learning? (1) A young child takes his first steps. (2) An adolescent male feels a strong attraction tocertain females. (3) A child feels anxious when he sees the doctorcoming with a needle

4.1 Thorndike’s Connectionism 4.1.1 Edward Lee Thorndike:1874-1949, American educational psychologist. 1891-1895,studied English literature in Wesleyan University. 1895-1897,studied psychology in Harvard Unviversity.(James) 1897-1898, studied in Columbia University, and got his PH.D.(Kattel)