The principle of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was first reported in 1971 (Kleppe et al., 1971), but it was only after the dis￾covery of the thermostable Taq DNA polymerase (Saiki et al., 1988; Lawyer et al., 1989) that this technology became easy to use

troduce different notations. Some consider “NTP” a general term for deoxynucleotides, but the absence of the letter “d” indicates a ribonucleotide to others. Commercial literature also describes ribonucleotides as “RTP’s.” If the letter “d” is present, the name describes a deoxynucleotide. If “d” is absent, check the literature

What Do You Know About Your Target? The sensitivity needs of your system are primarily determined by the abundance of your target, which can be approximated according to its origin. Plasmids, cosmids, phagemids as colony lifts or dot blots, and PCR products are usually intermediate to high-abundance targets. Genomic DNA is considered an intermediate to low-abundance target. Most prokaryotic genes are present as single copies, while genes from higher eukaryotes

Air Buoyancy Akin to water keeping something afloat, samples can be “lifted” by air, artificially decreasing their apparent weight. This air buoy￾ancy can have a significant effect on smaller samples. Electrostatic Forces Electrostatic charges are almost always present in any environ￾ment, particularly in areas with very low humidity. If there are

This book celebrates the importance of the question; it is not meant to be a collection of facts or procedures. The writing of this book was inspired by 16 years of queries from the research community.The con￾tributors and I have tried to meet two primary objectives:

Over the past decade the variety of hosts and vector systems for recombinant protein expression has increased dramatically. Researchers now select from among mammalian, insect, yeast, and prokaryotic hosts, and the number of vectors available for use in these organisms continues to grow

What Are the Symptoms of Acrylamide Poisoning? The initial symptoms of acrylamide poisoning on the skin are peeling of the skin at the point of contact, followed by tingling and numbness in the exposed area. If exposure by any means (touch, ingestion, inhalation) continues, muscular weakness, difficulty maintaining balance

一、构成性转录因子SP1对持家基因的调控作用 1、Housekeeping （constitutive）genes （持家 基因） : 细胞内的蛋白质编码基因，维持细胞的基 本过程。 2、 SP1结合于保守性序列GGGCGG的GC丰富 序列，该序列位于许多持家基因的启动子中。 3、 SP1含有: 3 zinc finger motifs which bind to GC-rich sequance , 2个 glutamine-rich domains interact with TAFII110 of TFII D

第三节 DNA重组技术过程 1、制备目的基因和相关载体 2、将目的基因和有关载体进行连接 3、将重组本DNA导入受体细胞 4、DNA重组体的筛选和鉴定 5、DNA重组体的扩增、表达和其他研究 第五节 利用重组DNA技术可对基因进行改造 第六节 克隆基因在适当宿主细胞内表达

草国(CY)病毒科、水生呼肠孤病毒属的病毒中毒力最强的病毒,严重危 害着我国淡水渔业的养殖。基因由1朵A,编码11种结CC能够合成内源 性RA聚合酶在体外转录。总结了近20年来我国在CCRV形态结构理化特性、培养特性、分子生物学以 及预防治疗等方面的研究成果,提出了CCRV的重要酶类作为RNA干涉基因的思路