热力学第一定律:能量转换和守恒定律 凡违反热力学第一定律的过程不可能发生。 第一类永动机不可能成功!

1.1.1 热力学基本概念及定义 1.1.2 能量与热力学第一定律 1.1.3 熵与热力学第二定律

热力学第一定律第一类永动机不可能实现 定量化↓引入系统状态函数E x+4 热力学第二定律第二类永动机不可能实现 定量化?

热力学:紧密围绕热机的研究和应用——工作物质 重复进行某些过程,不断吸热做功

第一章 热力学第一定律 （The first law of thermodynamics) 第二章 热力学第二定律 The second Law of Thermodynamics 第三章溶液热力学基础 Thermodynamics of multi-component systems (Solution chemistry) Chapter 4 Phase Equilibria 第五章 化学平衡 Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 6 Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics

4-1热二律的表述与实质 一、热二律的表述有60-70种

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality ; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy 3.8 Helmholtz function and Gibbs function 3.9 Direction of change and conditions in equilibrium 3.10 Calculate of G 3.11 Relations of thermodynamic functions 3.12 Clapeyron equation 3.13 The third law and conventional entropy

3.1 Common feature of spontaneous change 3.2 The second law of thermodynamics 3.3 Carnot cycle and Carnot principle 3.4 Definition of entropy 3.5 Clausius inequality ; principle of increase of entropy 3.6 Calculate the change of entropy 3.7 Statistical view of entropy 3.8 Helmholtz function and Gibbs function 3.9 Direction of change and conditions in equilibrium 3.10 Calculate of G 3.11 Relations of thermodynamic functions 3.12 Clapeyron equation 3.13 The third law and conventional entropy

《大学物理》课程PPT教学课件（二）第20章 热力学第一定律和第二定律 20.4 热力学第二定律

热力学第一定律:能量守恒 局限性:无法确定过程的方向和限度