Cardiovascular disease Cerebrovascular diseases Lower respiratory infections Diarrhea Perinatal disease COPD Tuberculosis Morbilli

Type 1 (beta-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency) Autoimmune Idiopathic Type 2 – (may range from predominantly insulin resistance with relative

Cirrhosis---definition chronic, progressed, diffuse hepatocellular injury fibrosis nodular regeneration

Overview Clinical syndrome Slowing down of metabolism Slowing of growth and mental retardation in infants and children Generalized slowing down of organism Deposition of glycosaminoglycans in skin and muscle Reversible with therapy

定义 除心脏瓣膜病、冠心病、高血压心脏病、肺心病和先心以外，以心肌病变为主要表现的一组疾病

The term vasculitis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized pathologically by evidence of blood vessel inflammation and clinically by a diverse set of symptoms and signs

一. Types of lupus Discoid Systemic Drug-induced

What is RA? RA is a chronic polyarticular inflammatory arthritis that involves not only small joints of the hands and feet but also systemic organs. Pathologic change: chronic synovitis with pannus (血管 翳)formation

Background Sedative-hypnotics are a group of drugs that cause CNS depression. Benzodiazepines (BZD) barbiturates nonbarbiturate nonbenzodiazepine sedative￾hypnotics (NBNB) the most commonly used agents

Pathological changes -- glomerular injury Clinical manifestations --proteinuria / hematuria A group of diseases Complicated causes & mechanisms Various clinical manifestations Different prognosis Multiple treatment