The length of a sound is the length of time during which it is held on continuously in a given word or phrase. The principal facts concerning length in English are given in the following rules: 203. Length of vowels 1. English vowels /i:/, /a: / /:/, /u:/, /a: /are longer than the other English vowels in similar context, i.e., when surrounded by the same sounds, and pronounced with the same degree of stress. Thus

We have seen that every word of two or more syllables, when said alone, has a stress on one of its syllables. This is called word-stress. But in connected speech we do not hear a stress on every word. Some words lose their stresses, especially when we talk quickly, other words keep their stresses and these stressed syllables form what is called sentence-stress

When we talk, we don't talk in single words but in groups of words spoken continuously. These groups of words which are closely connected in meaning and in grammar are called sense groups. sense group is tone-group-(语调群) in intonation. long sentence can be cut up into two or more tone-groups We may make a short pause after each group, but not during the group

The importance of phonetic study 1) Phonetics is the science of speech sounds. It deals with the sound system of a language. A language consists of three important elements, namely, speech sounds, vocabulary and grammar. Speech

1. Definition of tone Tones are pitch variations, which are caused by the differing rates of vibration of the vocal cords. 声调是由于声带振动的速率的不同而引起的音高变化

In addition to their normal names, many of the parts of the vocal tract have fancy names derived from Latin and Greek. The adjectives we use to describe sounds made with each part are usually based on the Latin/Greek name

Here the vowels of American English are plotted according to the point of primary obstruction by the tongue in the articulation of the sound. \Low\ refers not only to the position of the tongue but the jaw as well

《汉字文化》课程教学资源（经典阅读）语言及语言学_语音学 英文原版

（一）理论课程 1《方言与地域文化》 2《西方语言学史》 3《现代汉语语法专题》 4《语音学》 5《古代汉语》（1） 6《古代汉语》（2） 7《东南亚文化概论》 8《公共关系学》 9《行政管理学》 10《秘书学概论》A 11《中国现当代文学》A（1） 12《写作》 13《教育心理学》A 14《中国民俗学概论》 15《汉字与中国古代文化》 16《书法》 17《中国古代文学经典作品选读》 18《外国文学》A（2） 19《西方文学经典作品选读》 20《对外汉语教学概论》 21《对外汉语课堂教学法》 22《应用语言学》 23《语言学概论》 24《外国文学》A（1） 25《西方文论》 26《初级泰语》 27《高级泰语》 28《比较文学》A 29《专业英语》 30《基础韩语》 31《跨文化交流与传播》 32《文学概论》 33《英语听说》 34《教育学》A 35《中国古代文学》A（1） 36《中国古代文学》A（2） 37《现代汉语》A（1） 38《现代汉语》A（2） 39《中华文化要略》 40《中国现当代文学》A（2） 41《欧美文化概论》 42《国际汉学导论》 43《世界地理与风俗》 44《现当代文学经典作品选读》 45《影视文学》 46《国际政治与国际关系》 47《中国通史概要》 （二）实践课程 48《行政管理学》 49《书法》 50《秘书学概论》A 51《对外汉语课堂教学法》 52《教师技能训练》A 53《成都通实践教学》 54《对外汉语教学实践》 55《国际汉语教师资格认证培训》 56《毕业实习》 57《写作实习》 58《毕业论文》 59《大写作》

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