Chapter 15 Ecosystems 生态系统 Chapter 17 Biomes 世界生物群落类型 • 1 What’s biomes (生物群落） • 2 Distribution characteristics of biomes 群落分布规律 • 3 Earth’s major biomes 世界主要生物群落类型

采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)与加压致密一体化技术制备了包容锶核素(Sr2+)的钛酸锶(SrTiO3)人造岩石固化体.通过实验分析SHS产物致密化的影响因素,确定了钛酸锶反应体系自蔓延高温合成时的最佳工艺参数:预制块相对密度为54%左右;预压力为10MPa,加压时间为4s;致密化时高压压力为300MPa,高压保压时间为8s

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机,研究了薄板坯连铸连轧工艺条件下(TSCR)无间隙原子钢(IF钢)的动态连续冷却转变规律,并分析了其组织演变规律.研究表明:Ti-IF钢的相变开始温度随着冷却速度的增大而下降,即Ar3降低,有利于低温终轧,并获得性能良好的IF钢.同时IF钢的硬度值随着冷却速度的增大而增大,冷却速度从1℃/s变化到30℃/s时,HRB从53.4增加到68.3,即其强度随冷却速度增大而增加

通过回归得到了氮容量CN与温度T和光学碱度Λ的关系公式,并解释了氮进入熔渣的两种机理.通过回归公式绘制了CaO-SiO2-Al2O3(wMgO=10%)渣系的等氮容量图.结果表明:相同氮容量渣系,随着钢液中[%Al]s增加,渣/钢间氮分配比LN增加;相同[%Al]s情况下,随着氮容量的增加,渣/钢间氮分配比显著增加.高氮容量渣在渣/钢界面上会有很高的脱氮能力,在冶炼超低氮钢(w[N]<3×10-5)时,熔渣是进行脱氮和防止增氮的重要环节

Primary Readings: DL-Chapter 4; JR-Chapter 3; Varian-Chapter 7 In most economic models, we start with an agent's utility function. The utility function basically maps from bundles that the agent might choose, to the real line. The utility function is quite convenient: it can be maximized and manipulated using mathematical tools. But the question is are we imposing some hidden or desirable assumptions when we take this approach ?prefeent's

一、设连续系统函数H(s)在虚轴上收敛,其幅频响应函数为H(j),试证幅度平方函数 H()?=H()(-s) sjo 二、其离散系统的系统函数z2+3z+2H(z)=2z-(K-1)z+1

从理论上导出了CaO-Fe2O3混合层内反应初期铁酸钙生成的动力学模型:1-k1(1-k2BRv)2/3-k2(1+k1BRv)2/3=(2k1Mf/ρfrf2)·DcΔCt。其中k1=(ρf-ρcf)/(ρf-ρc),k2=(ρcf-ρc)/(ρf-ρc),B=1+Mcρfm/Mfρc。经1160℃和1190℃下的基础实验表明,模型与实验数据吻合很好,同时得到该两温度水平下氧化钙在铁酸一钙有效扩散系数分别为4.34×10-9cm/s和2.32×10-8cm/s

基于修正的Archard磨损模型,利用DEFORM-2D有限元软件分析了镍基耐蚀合金(Hastelloy G3)管材热挤压成形时挤压工艺参数对模具磨损的影响规律.结果表明,挤压模具的磨损主要集中在锥模出口处.模具最大磨损深度随着挤压速度、坯料预热温度的升高而降低,随摩擦因数的增大而升高.模具表面磨损深度随着模角的增大而升高.最佳热挤压工艺参数是:挤压速度200mm·s-1,坯料预热温度1180℃,摩擦因数0.05,界面换热系数5N·mm-1·s-1·℃-1.此时,模具最大磨损深度为0.0515mm,模具可重复使用20次

利用建立的用于强腐蚀性气氛高温腐蚀研究的连续称重测量装置,测定了Fe-25Cr铁素体合金在H2-H2S混合气氛中700~900℃及10-1~10-3Pa硫分压条件下的硫化行为。在经过初始孕育期之后,Fe-25Cr合金的硫化动力学符合分段抛物线规律。其腐蚀产物是双层结构:外层为品粒粗大的(FeCr)1-xS(x≈0.24.21at%~0at%Cr);内层是较薄的(CrFe)Sx(26.8at%Cr)等轴晶层。硫化过程受Fe,Cr离子向外扩散的控制

Being aimed to developing intermetallic base structural materials to be worked at above 1000℃, a systematic investigation has been performed of the fundamental crystallographic structure, phase constitution map, density-composition dependence, oxidation resistance and general mechanical behaviour for the ternary intermetallic alloys in the Nb-Ti-Al system. Promissing results have been obtained at the initial stage in the current program. The 1100℃ high temperature strength at the strain rate of 10-2/s and 10-5/s for the ternary compound NbTiAl3 （γ1） base alloys are generally much higher than that of the binary compound TiAl （γ）, especially in the γ1 + α2 phase region, it is as high as twice as that of TiAl. The densities are 4.1-4.79g/cm3, depending on relative amount of the intermetallics involved and the density difference between the intermetallics. The oxidation resistance at th