基因（gene）是细胞内遗传物质的结构和功能单位，它以脱氧核 糖核酸（deoxyribonucleic acid，DNA）化学形式存在于染色体上。在 人类，基因通过生殖细胞从亲代向子代传递。早在 1944 年，Avery 等 用实验的方法就直接证明了 DNA 是生物的遗传物质。1953 年 Watson 和 Crick 在前人的工作基础上

A重组DNA技术的理论基础 B基因的分子生物学 C基因工程的基本原理 D基因工程的支撑技术

ADNA的体外重组(切、接) B重组DNA分子的转化和扩增(转、增) C转化子的筛选和鉴定(检)

1.复制的特征 2.DNA复制的酶学 3.复制的过程 4.DNA损伤与修复 5.逆转录作用

◼ All DNA is recombinant DNA. ◼ Genetic exchange works constantly to blend and rearrange chromosomes, most obviously during meiosis, when homologous chromosomes pair prior to the first nuclear division. ◼ During this pairing, genetic exchange between the chromosomes occurs. This exchange, classically termed crossing over, is one of the results of homologous recombination

Chapter 5 Macromolecules and Molecular Genetics The key informational macromolecules in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA, RNA, and protein. Molecular Genetics deals with the mechanisms by which the information in DNA is replicated, and by which it can be transcribed into rNa and translated into specific proteins

Q1. Prokaryotic cell E. coli consists of a single closed-circular DNA molecule of 4.6 x 106 bp long. This DNA molecule would be 1.6 mm if the double helix is relaxed. Please describe what strategies does E. coli use to pack such a long molecules into its nucleoid less than a micrometer (mm) in diameter. (20 points)

Q1. Prokaryotic cell E. coli consists of a single closed-circular DNA molecule of 4.6 x 106 bp long. This DNA molecule would be 1.6 mm if the double helix is relaxed. Please describe what strategies does E. coli use to pack such a long molecules into its nucleoid less than a micrometer (mm) in diameter. (20 points)

Molecular biologists routinely use restriction enzymes as key reagents for a variety of applications including genomic mapping, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, DNA sequencing, and a host of recombinant DNA methodologies. Few

一、物理性质 1、形态DNA为白色纤维状固体;RNA为白色粉末状固体? 2、溶解性微溶于水,不溶于乙醇、乙醚和氯仿等一般的有机溶剂;DNA在溶液中粘度大,RNA粘度小