Q1. Prokaryotic cell E. coli consists of a single closed-circular DNA molecule of 4.6x 10 bp long. This dNa molecule would be 1.6 mm if the double helix is relaxed Please describe what strategies does E. coli use to pack such a long molecules into its nucleoid less than a micrometer (um) in diameter.(20 points) Q2. Please list at least two different types of proteins included in E. coli nucleoid and describe the biological function of these proteins(10points) Q3. Chromatin is the highly ordered DNA-protein complex which makes up the eu kavotic chromosomes Please describe the biological importance of chromatin structure. (20 points
Q1. Prokaryotic cell E. coli consists of a single closed-circular DNA molecule of 4.6 x 106 bp long. This DNA molecule would be 1.6 mm if the double helix is relaxed. Please describe what strategies does E. coli use to pack such a long molecules into its nucleoid less than a micrometer (mm) in diameter. (20 points) Q2. Please list at least two different types of proteins included in E. coli nucleoid, and describe the biological function of these proteins. (10points) Q3. Chromatin is the highly ordered DNA-protein complex which makes up the eukayotic chromosomes. Please describe the biological importance of chromatin structure . (20 points)
Q4 Nucleosome is the basic unit of chromatin structure. please describe (1) the structure/composition of nucleosome (2) the enzyme and experiment that were used in the 1970s to uncover such a fact (20 points) Q5.(1)Is all dNa sequence in euchromatin transcriptionally active (2 )which enzyme can be used to determine the transcriptionally active dna regions, and how? (3)By what means does the cell maintain the transcriptioanlly active dna regions be free of extensive chromosomal packing(20 points)
Q4. Nucleosome is the basic unit of chromatin structure, please describe (1) the structure/composition of nucleosome (2) the enzyme and experiment that were used in the 1970s to uncover such a fact. (20 points) Q5. (1) Is all DNA sequence in euchromatin transcriptionally active? (2) which enzyme can be used to determine the transcriptionally active DNA regions, and how? (3) By what means does the cell maintain the transcriptioanlly active DNA regions be free of extensive chromosomal packing. (20 points)
Q6: please match the names describing the structure of a mitotic chromosome(write down the metaphase name please)(10 points) chromosome Centromere Telomere Kinetochore B Microtubles chromatid C E
Q6: please match the names describing the structure of a mitotic chromosome (write down the name please) (10 points) A B C D E • Centromere • Telomere • Kinetochore • Microtubles • chromatid
