1 Background and System Model 2 Deadlock Characterization Necessary Conditions Resource-Allocation Graph Methods for Handling Deadlocks 3 Deadlock Prevention (死锁预防) 4 Deadlock Avoidance (死锁避免) Safe State (安全状态) Resource-Allocation Graph Scheme Banker’s Algorithm (银行家算法) 5 Deadlock Detection (死锁检测) and Recovery