真核基因表达调控的最显著特征是能在特定时间和特定的细胞中激活特定的基因,从而实现“预定”的、有序的、不可逆转的分化、发育过程,并使生物的组织和器官在一定的环境条件范围内保持正常功能

DNA是贮藏遗传信息的最重要的生物大分子。DNA分子中的核苷酸排列顺序不但决定了胞内所有RNA及蛋白质的基本结构,还通过蛋白质(酶)的功能间接控制了细胞内全部有效成份的生产、运转和功能发挥

一、DNA的组成与结构 二、DNA聚合酶与DNA的合成 三、DNA的生理意义及成分分析 四、c- Value和Cot1/2 五、染色体结构 六、染色体的组成 七、原核与真核染色体DNA比较

一选择题(每题只选一个答案,每题1.5分) 1.有关DNA链的描述哪条不对 A.DNA是由很多脱氧单核苷酸形成的多核苷酸 B.Da5端是OH基,3端是磷酸 CDNA一级结构的书写为P: pACTGAC D单核苷酸之间通过磷酸二酯键相连 E.dna一级结构是指aMP dGMPdCMP dTMP的排列

Similarity of regulation between eukaryotes and prokaryote 1. Principles are the same: signals, activators and repressors, recruitment and allostery, cooperative binding 2. Expression of a gene can be regulated at the similar steps, and the initiation of transcription is the most pervasively regulated step

28.1 Introduction 28.2 Transforming viruses carry oncogenes 28.3 Early genes of DNA transforming viruses have multifunction oncogenes 28.4 Retroviruses activate or incorporate cellular genes 28.5 Retroviral oncogenes have cellular counterparts 28.6 Ras oncogenes can be detected in a transfection assay 28.7 Ras proto-oncogenes can be activated by mutation at specific positions 28.8 Nondefective retroviruses activate proto-oncogenes 28.9 Proto-oncogenes can be activated by translocation 28.10 The Philadelphia translocation generates a new oncogene 28.11 Oncogenes code for components of signal transduction cascades 28.12 Growth factor receptor kinases can be mutated to oncogenes 28.13 Src is the prototype for the proto-oncogenic cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases 28.14 Oncoproteins may regulate gene expression 28.15 RB is a tumor suppressor that controls the cell cycle 28.16 Tumor suppressor p53 suppresses growth or triggers apoptosis

第三节 DNA重组技术过程 1、制备目的基因和相关载体 2、将目的基因和有关载体进行连接 3、将重组本DNA导入受体细胞 4、DNA重组体的筛选和鉴定 5、DNA重组体的扩增、表达和其他研究 第五节 利用重组DNA技术可对基因进行改造 第六节 克隆基因在适当宿主细胞内表达

26.1 Introduction 26.2 Carriers and channels form water soluble paths through the membrane 26.3 Ion channels are selective 26.4 Neurotransmitters control channel activity 26.5 G proteins may activate or inhibit target proteins 26.6 G proteins function by dissociation of the trimer 26.7 Growth factor receptors are protein kinases 26.8 Receptors are activated by dimerization 26.9 Receptor kinases activate signal transduction pathways

第二节 对不同疾病采用不同基因诊断的策略 第三节 基因诊断的应用前景 第四节 基因诊断技术检测遗传病 第四节 遗传病的基因诊断

25.1 Introduction 25.2 Oligosaccharides are added to proteins in the ER and Golgi 25.3 The Golgi stacks are polarized 25.4 Coated vesicles transport both exported and imported proteins 25.5 Different types of coated vesicles exist in each pathway 25.6 Cisternal progression occurs more slowly than vesicle movement 25.7 Vesicles can bud and fuse with membranes 25.8 SNAREs control targeting 25.9 The synapse is a model system for exocytosis 25.10 Protein localization depends on specific signals 25.11 ER proteins are retrieved from the Golgi 25.12 Brefeldin A reveals retrograde transport 25.13 Receptors recycle via endocytosis 25.14 Internalization signals are short and contain tyrosine