一、劳动和闲暇 二、闲暇 三、消费者在既定的时间资源条件下,提供劳动后的剩余时间

分析对一种商品的需求是如何取决于这种商品的价格以及其他商品的价格和收入的

我们消费商品所感受到的满足程度越高,我们愿意为之支付的价格也越高

本章要点:需求和供给的基本定义;商品价格和数量的决定

Structure Present and future values Intertemporal budget constraint Preferences for intertemporal consumption Intertemporal choice Comparative statics Valuing securities

Structure Money equivalent of utility gains totrade Consumer’s surplus Changes in consumer’s surplus Compensating and equivalentvariations Producer’s surplus

Structure Market equilibrium Quantity tax and equilibrium Tax incidence （税收分担） Deadweight loss （额外净损失）

Structure Describing technologies Production set or technology set Production function Isoquant Marginal product Returns to scale Technical rate of substitution Well-behaved technologies Long run and short run

Structure From Individual to Market DemandFunctions Elasticities Revenue and own-price elasticity ofdemand Marginal revenue and price elasticity

Structure State contingent consumption (依情 形而定的消费） State-contingent budget constraint Preferences under uncertainty Choice under uncertainty Risk aversion Diversification and risk spreading