Biotechnology and Polymers Most Chemically Synthesized Polymers are not Biodegradable, such as PE, PP, PS and PET While most Biologically Synthesized Polymers are Biodegradable, such as Proteins, Cellulose, Glycan The most Notable Biopolymers with Properties Similar to Thermoplastics are: Polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHA

Flowsheet for developing an industrial microbial fermentation process Strain selection Laboratory process development Pilot Scale up Industrial Scale up Downstream process development Product packaging techniques Other commercial consideration Examples

Chapter 5 Macromolecules and Molecular Genetics DNA Replication Complementary base pairing Semiconservative Template and primer From 5'-phosphate to the 3'-hydroxyl end DNA polymerase and ligase A short stretch of RNA serves as primer Primase: a specific RNA-polymerizing enzyme

85. The general structure and function of the plasma membrane Introduction The membranes form continuous sheets that form the outer boundaries of the cells or enclose intercellular

2. Electron microscopy Transmission Electron microscopy (TEMs) Scanning Electron microscopy (SE 1) Transmission Electron microscopy (TEMs) 1931 Ruska

复旦大学99年微生物学试题 1.名词解释(30分) （ 1) Koch's postulates （2) negative stains （3) RC(respiratory chain) （4) stationary phase （ 5) semi-synthetic antibiotics （6) cxtrcmophiles( extremc-microorganisms) （7) heteroiactic fermeniation

Cell Biology Tool for studying microbiology: Microscopes and Microscopy Microscope: (a) Bright-field (b) Phase contrast (c) Dark-field (d) Fluorescence

Ribosomal RNAs as Evolutionary Chronometers Reasons: Ancient molecules Functionally constant Universally distributed Moderately well conserved in sequence across broad phylogenetic distances

一、实验目的 1.学习、掌握油镜的使用; 2.学习、掌握细菌涂片染色; 3.学习、掌握细菌的革兰氏染色; 4.建立\无菌操作的概念,学习其技术

Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Genetic engineering: Isolation manipulation and expression of genetic materials. Gene cloning: Isolation and purification of specific genes In vitro recombination=recombinant DNA