Plastics Produced by bacteria Degradable Polyhydroxyalkanoates Proiect. The development of an industrial fermentation process for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates
Plastics Produced by Bacteria— Degradable Polyhydroxyalkanoates Project: The development of an industrial fermentation process for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates
Biotechnology and Polymers Most Chemically synthesized polymers are not Biodegradable, such as pe pp ps and Pet While most biologically synthesized polymers are Biodegradable, such as Proteins, Cellulose Glycan The most Notable Biopolymers with Properties Similar to Thermoplastics are Polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHA
Biotechnology and Polymers • Most Chemically Synthesized Polymers are not Biodegradable, such as PE, PP, PS and PET • While most Biologically Synthesized Polymers are Biodegradable, such as Proteins, Cellulose, Glycan • The most Notable Biopolymers with Properties Similar to Thermoplastics are: Polyhydroxyalkanoates or PHA
Characteristics of bioreactions Green Chemistry Gentle conditions (30-40C, 1 atm pressure aqueous medium High specificity Optically pure product Cheap substrates (not toxic, not flammable
Characteristics of Bioreactions “Green Chemistry” • Gentle conditions (30-40oC，1 atm pressure， aqueous medium) • High specificity • Optically pure product • Cheap substrates（not toxic, not flammable）
What Biopolymers can be Microbiologically Synthesized?
What Biopolymers can be Microbiologically Synthesized? ？
Biologically Synthesized Natural Polymers DNA, RNA- Genetic Information Proteins Enzymes or Structure Materials Polysaccharides Structure materials or Carbon and energy ° Polyhydroxy reserve materials alkanoate-PHA arbon and Energy Sources and more?
Biologically Synthesized Natural Polymers • DNA，RNA • Proteins • Polysaccharides • Polyhydroxyalkanoate-PHA Genetic Information Enzymes or Structure Materials Structure materials or Carbon and Energy reserve materials Carbon and Energy Sources and more?
Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHa) Mostly hydrophobic · Chiral monomers Great structure variety ° Among PHA2 polyhydroxybutyrate is the most common d. Molecular weights range from 10.000 to several millions
• Mostly hydrophobic • Chiral monomers • Great structure variety • Among PHA, polyhydroxybutyrate is the most common • Molecular weights range from 10,000 to several millions Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
Applications ofPa Biodegradability Biomaterials and Biocompatibility Tissue engineering Hydrophobicity Biodegradable Packaging Gas impermeability Piezoelectroci Electronic Materials Optical activity pecial Properties caused by functional Groups Smart materials?
Applications of PHA • Biodegradability • Biocompatibility • Hydrophobicity • Gas impermeability • Piezoelectrocity • Optical activity • Special Properties caused by functional Groups Biomaterials and Tissue engineering Biodegradable Packaging Electronic Materials ? Smart materials?
PHA Common structure PHA molecular structure O -[CH(CH2)m-C--OI R m=1.2 or 3, R is variable
PHA Common Structure PHA molecular structure —[CH—(CH2 )m—C—O]n—— R O m=1, 2 or 3，R is variable
Commercialized pha [CH-CH2--C-OIn R-Methyl, PHA=Polyhydroxy butyrate(PHB) CH First generation of pha -[CH--CH2--C--On R=Ethyl, Pha-Polyhydroxy valerate(PHv [CH-CH2--C--Ola-[CH--CH2--C--O]b- CHs Second generation of phas PHBV
Commercialized PHA —[CH—CH2—C—O]n— O CH3 R=Methyl，PHA=Polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB) —[CH—CH2—C—O]n— C2H5 O R=Ethyl，PHA=Polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) —[CH—CH2—C—O]a——[CH—CH2—C—O]b— O O CH3 C2H5 First Generation of PHA Second Generation of PHA: PHBV
Third generation of pha -[CH--CH2C--OaCH-CH2--C--OJh CH CHa Copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate Copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyoctanoate Have been synthesized by doi, steinbuchel and P&g
Third Generation of PHA —[CH—CH2—C—O]a——[CH—CH2—C—O]b— O O CH3 C3H5 Copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate, Copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyoctanoate Have been synthesized by Doi, Steinbuchel and P&G