14.1 Distinction Between Forward & Futures Contracts 14.2 The Economic Function of Futures Markets 14.3 The Role of Speculators 14.4 Relation Between Commodity Spot & Futures Prices 14.5 Extracting Information from Commodity Futures Prices 14.6 Forward-Spot Price Parity for Gold 14.7 Financial Futures 14.8 The “Implied” Riskless Rate 14.9 The Forward Price is not a Forecast of the Spot Price 14.10 Forward-Spot Price- Parity with Cash Payouts 14.11 “Implied” Dividends 14.12 The Foreign-Exchange Parity Relation 14.13 The Role of Expectations in Determining Exchange Rates

13.1 The Capital Asset Pricing Model in Brief 13.2 Determining of the Risk Premium on the Market Portfolio 13.3 Beta and Risk Premiums on Individual Securities 13.4 Using the CAPM in Portfolio Selection 13.5 Valuation & Regulating Rates of Return

第一节 信用及其与货币的联系 第二节 高利贷 第三节 信用活动的基础 第四节 信用的内容与形式 第五节 国际信用 第六节 股份公司 第七节 信用缺失与建立市场经济的信用秩序

11.1 Using Forward & Futures Contracts to Hedge Risks 11.2 Hedging Foreign-Exchange Risk with Swap Contracts 11.3 Hedging Shortfall-Risk by Matching Assets to Liabilities 11.4 Minimizing the Cost of Hedging 11.5 Insuring versus Hedging 11.6 Basic Features of Insurance Contracts 11.7 Financial Guarantees 11.8 Caps & Floors on Interest Rates 11.9 Options as Insurance 11.10 The Diversification Principle 11.11 Insuring a Diversified Portfolio

第一部分 投资机会分析 第二部分 资本预算与现金流量预测（对内直接投资决策问题） 第三部分 公司对外间接投资决策（股权投资和债券投资）

10.1 What is Risk? 10.2 Risk and Economic Decisions 10.3 The Risk-Management Process 10.4 The Three Dimensions of Risk Transfer 10.5 Risk Transfer and Economic Efficiency 10.6 Institutions for Risk Management 10.7 Portfolio Theory: Quantitative Analysis for Optimal Risk Management 10.8 Probability Distributions of Returns 10.9 Standard Deviation as a Measure of Risk

投资组合( P o r t f o l i o )管理的目的是：按照投资者的需求，选择各种各样的证券和其他资产 组成投资组合，然后管理这些投资组合，以实现投资的目标。投资者的需求往往是根据风险 （r i s k）来定义的，而投资组合管理者的任务则是在承担一定风险的条件下，使投资回报率 （r e t u r n）实现最大化

一、 货币政策 是指中央银行为实现其预期的宏观经济目标，运用 各种政策工具调节货币供应量和利率水平，进而影响宏观 经济运行状况的方针与措施的总和

 8.1 Using Present Value Formulas to Value Known Flows  8.2 The Basic Building Blocks: Pure Discount Bonds  8.3 Coupon Bonds, Current Yield, and Yield-to-Maturity  8.4 Reading Bond Listings  8.5 Why Yields for the same Maturity Differ  8.6 The Behavior of Bond Prices Over Time

 7.1 The relationship between an asset’s value & its price  7.2 Value maximization & financial decisions  7.3 The law of one price & arbitrage  7.4 Arbitrage & the law of one price  7.5 Interest rates & the law of one price  7.6 Exchange rates & triangular arbitrage  7.7 Valuation using comparables  7.8 Valuation Models  7.9 Accounting measures of value  7.10 How information is reflected in security prices  7.11 The efficient markets hypothesis