第二节语言学学科发展 一、传统语言学(公元前四世纪一十九世纪末 传统语言学时期大体包括语文学和历史比较语言学两个阶段 ()语文学(公元前四世纪一十九世纪初 在阿拉伯,人们从七世纪开始研究语言,比较有 代表性的是西巴维希的《书》。 在中国,早期的语言研究主要是围绕着汉字的字义、字 音、字形进行的,产生了训诂学、音韵学、文字学三个分支 ,统称为“小学”,出现了《说文解字》、《广韵》、《尔雅 》等大批不朽文献

Unit 9 packing Letter 1 1. ready--made:现成的 2. indemnification:赔偿 3. seaworthy:适合海上运输的 4.tacit:心照不宣的 5.on account of:因为 6candid:直率的

Unit 8 payment Points for attention: Letters regarding payment often fall into the following types: discussing mode of payment, urging establishment of L/C, amending L/ or asking for extension of L/C

Unit 6 Sales Promotion Points for attention: 1.信要短。 2.在开头一段就得抓住读者的兴趣。 3.说明产品或服务的益处,并以事实或数据使读者相信。 4/尽可能使信的语气象私人交往

Unit 4 Enquiries and replies Points for attention: 1.询价或询盘是一种询问。按其内容可分为一般询盘(general enquiry)和具体询盘( specific enquiry)一般询盘是买主为了了解情况向卖主索取商品目录本、价目单、样品或样本等等。具体询盘是买主有做买卖的要求,指定商品要求卖主报盘

Unit 2 Invitation and Arrangement of visits 邀请与答复 Dear Mr/Ms We should like to invite you to attend the 2003 International Fair which will be held from april 29 to May 4 at the above address. Full details on the Fair will be sent in a week We look forward to hearing from you soon, and hope that you will be able to attend Yours faithfully

Unit 14 Flexible trade Letter 1 Take up:从事 Undertake:承担,保证 The down payment for the production line can not be higher than 10%of the total value; Repayment:偿还的款项

Unit 12 Claim and Settlement Points for attention: When making a claim, plan your letter as follows: Begin by regretting the need to complain Mention the date of the order, the date of delivery and the goods complained about

Unit 10 Shipping Points for attention: Letters regarding shipment are usually written for the following purposes: To urge an early shipment; To amend shipping terms; ·To give shipping advice; To despatch shipping documents

本门专业英语课程是指适合大学动物医学专业学生,介绍和讲解有关动物医学方面的 特别英语。其基本内容是与动物医学专业有关基础课、专业基础课和专业课的英文文章 涉及解剖学、组织胚胎学、动物生物化学、动物生理学、兽医产科学和繁殖学、兽医传染 病学和免疫学。同时本门课程也重点讲述英文摘要的翻译以及如何将中文摘要翻译成英 文。本门课的主要学习目的是了解动物医学的概念,知识和内容的英文表达,提高专业英 语水平:掌握中文摘要翻译成英文的技巧